Glossary

Benefit to Cost Ratio (BCR)	An indicator, used in the formal discipline of cost-benefit analysis that attempts to summarize the overall value for money of a project or proposal. A BCR is the ratio of the benefits of a project or proposal, expressed in monetary terms, relative to its costs, also expressed in monetary terms.
D2M	Dual two lane special road with hard shoulders. Access restrictions to certain classes of traffic will apply.
Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB)	A UK-wide comprehensive manual system which accommodates all current standards, advice notes and other published documents relating to the design, assessment and operation of trunk roads.
Do-minimum	a) For Environmental Assessment: The base situation where the Forth Road Bridge continues to operate at its present level of service. In addition, do-minimum scenarios comprising full or partial closures of the Forth Road Bridge over an extended period will be assessed qualitatively. b) For Economic Assessment: The continued operation of the existing road network with long term restrictions and temporary closures of the Forth Road Bridge for repair and maintenance.
DMRB Stage 2 Corridor Assessment	The detailed assessment of options in accordance with DMRB leading to the recommendation of a preferred option.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)	The process by which information about the environmental effects of a project is evaluated and mitigation measures are identified.
Forth Replacement Crossing	The 3 tower cable stayed bridge to be provided as a replacement to the Forth Road Bridge for general traffic (with pedestrians, cyclists and public transport accommodated on the Forth Road Bridge).
Forth Road Bridge	The existing road bridge at Queensferry.
Forth Bridge	The existing rail bridge at Queensferry.
Free flow junction/connections	A junction or connecting roads allowing traffic to move unhindered between individual roads without formal traffic control (i.e. traffic signals, stop lines).
Full Corridor Scheme	The improvement considered over the full extent of North Corridor Option 1 and South Corridor Option 1 in the Stage 2 Corridor Report.
General traffic	General modes of traffic including cars, private light goods vehicles, vans, lorries and buses.
Grade Separated Junction	A junction arrangement that is separated by level from the through carriageway
Ground Investigation	Exploratory investigation to determine the structure and characteristics of the ground influenced by a development. The collected information is used to establish or predict ground and groundwater behaviour during, and subsequent to, construction.
Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV)	Vehicle with 3 axles (articulated) or 4 or more axles (rigid and articulated).
Hard Shoulder Running	The use of the emergency lane sited to the nearside of the trafficked carriageway for the running of vehicles.
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)	Technology systems or a collection of equipment that assists network operators in providing an efficient, reliable and safe transport network by providing a suite of tools to deploy temporary traffic control measures at a strategic or local level.
Listed Building	Building included on the list of buildings of special architectural or historic interest and afforded statutory protection under the ‘Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997’ and other planning legislation. Classified categories A – C(s).
Local Road	An A, B or C classified road (non Trunk Road) typically operated by a local authority or council.
Net Present Value	The total present value of a time series of cash flows. It is a standard method for using the time value of money to appraise long-term projects.
Mainline	The principal road being considered, namely the A90/M90 or the road proposed as its replacement.
Managed Crossing Scheme	The preferred scheme that combines: i. The Forth Road Bridge as a public transport corridor. ii. A narrower D2M replacement crossing for general traffic. iii. ITS from Halbeath on the M90 to junction 1a on the M9. iv. The optimised road and junction improvement within the preferred corridors.
Net Present Value (NPV)	The total present value of a time series cash flow. It is a standard method for using the time value of money to appraise long-term projects.
Northern Route Corridor Options	The route corridor options considered north of the Firth of Forth connecting the proposed replacement bridge to existing roads infrastructure.
Northern Study Area	The area to the north of the Firth of Forth in which preliminary investigations have been undertaken as part of the Forth Replacement Crossing Project.
North Corridor Option 1	The preferred road improvement corridor in the Northern Study Area.
Ramp metering	A device, usually a basic traffic light together with a signal controller, which regulates the flow of traffic entering the Mainline according to current traffic conditions.
SESTRANS	The South-East Scotland Transport Partnership.
South Corridor Option 1	The preferred road improvement corridor in the Southern Study Area.
Southern Route Corridor Options	The route corridors options considered south of the Firth of Forth connecting the proposed replacement bridge to existing roads infrastructure.
Southern Study Area	The area to the south of the Firth of Forth in which preliminary investigations have been undertaken as part of the Forth Replacement Crossing Project.
Scottish Transport Appraisal Guidance (STAG)	The document prepared by the Scottish Executive and commended to Local Authorities and Consultants to provide guidance on the appraisal of transport schemes in accordance with the Government’s principles of providing a sustainable integrated transport system in Scotland.
Strategic Transport Project Review (STPR)	A two year review of the Scottish transport network being undertaken by Transport Scotland in parallel with the Forth Replacement Crossing development work covered in this report. Its aim was to identify and prioritise the road, rail and other interventions of national significance, which will be taken forward to improve the network. The review was published on 10th December 2008.
Transport User Benefit Appraisal (TUBA)	The purpose of TUBA is to carry out transport scheme economic appraisal in accordance with the Department for Transport’s published guidance.
Variable Speed Control	Mandatory variable speed limits where the speed limit is varied according to traffic conditions to smooth traffic flows, increase operating efficiency and to reduce accidents or incidents.