5 Design Implications and Sustainability

Wind shielding on Main Crossing will improve reliability

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Both carriageways on the Main Crossing will have widened hard shoulders

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Dedicated public transport corridor helps public transport services run more reliably

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

To contribute to the improvement of cross-Forth access to economic opportunities (2)

To contribute towards the development of cross-Forth public transport opportunities (3)

To improve local accessibility and reduce community severance (7)

To contribute to the promotion of healthy lifestyle opportunities and social inclusion (9)

To minimise carbon emissions once the scheme is opened to traffic (13)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) will help to regulate the flow of traffic

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

To provide a safe design for both vehicle travellers and non-motorised users (10)

To minimise carbon emissions once the scheme is open to traffic (13)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Specification of carriageway surfacing to the cable-stayed bridge to reduce the frequency at which resurfacing is required

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

Options considered at Stage 3 Design. Contractor to choose most practicable option.

Energy-efficient ITS and lighting systems

To minimise carbon emissions once the scheme is opened to traffic (13)

To be considered at Tender Design Stage

Sustainable sourcing of steel

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with the construction of the scheme (12)

To be considered at Tender Design Stage

Hard shoulder provision on the scheme. The proposed scheme will incorporate hard shoulders on the majority of the scheme

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

To contribute to the improvement of cross-Forth access to economic opportunities (2)

To provide a safe design for both vehicle travellers and non-motorised users (10)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

New and improved car/bus interchanges to facilitate use of public transport

To design, build and operate a reliable crossing (1)

To contribute to the improvement of cross-Forth access to economic opportunities (2)

To contribute towards the development of cross-Forth public transport opportunities (3)

To improve local accessibility and reduce community severance (7)

To contribute to the promotion of healthy lifestyle opportunities and social inclusion (9)

To minimise carbon emissions once the scheme is open to traffic (13)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Provision for non-motorised users (NMU paths and crossings at Queensferry Junction and Ferrytoll Junction)

To improve local accessibility (7)

To contribute to the promotion of healthy lifestyle opportunities and social inclusion (9)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Ensuring the scheme accommodates the needs of disabled people (DDA 2005)

To contribute to the improvement of cross-Forth access to economic opportunities (2)

To provide a scheme that accommodates the needs of disabled people (8)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Optimisation of cut and fill balance to minimise the need to import, or export, fill from site

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Pass majority of runoff through SUDS

To protect water quality, geomorphology and maximise the use of sustainable drainage systems for environmental and hydrological benefit (17)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Limit number of watercourse crossing and re-alignments by making use of existing infrastructure

To protect water quality, geomorphology and maximise the use of sustainable drainage systems for environmental and hydrological benefit (17)

Taken forward through Stage 3 Design / Employer’s Requirements

Sourcing timber products from certified sustainable sources (e.g. FSC)

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

To protect and enhance the natural heritage including local biodiversity (14)

To be considered at Tender Design Stage

Use of recycled materials in highway design (including, recycled aggregate, kerbs, plastic pipes)

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

To protect and enhance the natural heritage including local biodiversity (14)

To be considered at Tender Design Stage

Retain and re-use existing structures where possible

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To provide a safe design for both vehicle travellers and non-motorised users (10)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

To reduce noise and air emissions (16)

Taken forward to Stage 3 Design and to be utilised at:

M9 Junction 1A

Overton Road Bridge

Newmains Road Bridge

Existing Ferrytoll railway bridges

To accept non-toxic products for concrete impregnation

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To protect and enhance the natural heritage including local biodiversity (14)

To protect water quality, geomorphology and maximise the use of sustainable drainage systems for environmental and hydrological benefit (17)

This is not a mandatory contract requirement. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Lightweight fills for abutments / wingwalls etc

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

This could not be included at Stage 3 design. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Stainless steel reinforcement in areas of high exposure (piers / parapet edge beams) to reduce future maintenance

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

This could not be included at Stage 3 design. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Greater use of voided concrete construction to reduce materials (Cobiaxdeck, voided abutments)

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

This could not be included at Stage 3 design. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Precast Technologies – Precast foundations, columns crossheads, beams and deck

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

This could not be included at Stage 3 design. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Compressive membrane action to reduce reinforcement in deck slabs

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

This could not be included at Stage 3 design. The Contractor could consider this design proposal for the detailed design.

Use of non-chemical de-icing or non-salt de-icing products

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To protect and enhance the natural heritage including local biodiversity (14)

To protect water quality, geomorphology and ecology (17)

This is not a mandatory contract requirement. The maintaining authority could consider this proposal.

Flexi-arch for culverts and/or pipeline structures

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To provide a safe design for both vehicle travellers and non-motorised users (10)

Not taken forward on major utility structures due to cover requirements from crown of structure. Flexi arch was not applied to a new culvert (Swine Burn) due to flood water flow conditions and also the need to form a low flow channel through the culvert.

Self compacting concrete

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

Not to be taken forward

Over widening bridges for future lane provision

To contribute towards the development of cross-Forth public transport opportunities (3)

Incorporated for A8000 overbridge and for hard shoulders on the main crossing, in both cases to facilitate future public transport opportunities.

T-headed reinforcement – Reduce anchorage length of rebar (Departure required)

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

Not covered by current British Standards or included in future Eurocodes. Design has not been implemented on highway bridges and therefore no evidence of its structural performance.

Lightweight concrete to reduce loading and member sizes

To adopt sustainable resource management in design and construction (5)

To reduce, reuse and recycle materials and products where practicable (11)

To minimise embodied energy and carbon associated with key materials and their transport to site (12)

The Client has specific concrete mix requirements to achieve the necessary strength as well as provide durable concrete structures and lightweight concrete would not comply.

Intelligent monitoring for structures

To provide a safe design for both vehicle travellers and non-motorised users (10)

Not taken forward due to cost and uncertainty of effectiveness. Current bridge maintenance regime is considered sufficient for monitoring the condition of structures.