National Roads Maintenance Review Phase 1 Report

Footnotes

[1] Source: Scottish Transport Statistics

[2] Maintaining Scotland's Roads - A follow-up report, Audit Scotland, February 2011

[3] Maintaining Scotland's Roads - A follow-up report, Audit Scotland, February 2011

[4] Source: Scottish Transport Statistics

[5] Transport Model for Scotland (TMfS-07)

[6] Eddington Transport Study: The Case for Action, DfT 2006

[7] "Acceptable condition" is a term used to classify the road network based on a number of technical parameters produced by the Scottish Road Maintenance Condition Survey. Roads in acceptable condition are those where no structural deterioration is evident, although isolated surface defects may be present. Roads in unacceptable condition require repair to the surface or foundation within one year, or investigation to determine when repairs should be carried out.

[8] Commission on the Future Delivery of Public Services, APS Group Scotland (June 2011). Accessed from:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/352649/0118638.pdf August 2011

[9] SCOTS: Society of Chief Officers of Transportation in Scotland, a strategic body representing Scotland's 32 local authorities and seven Regional Transport Partnerships

[10] SCOTS Backlog Model Report, WDM Limited, February 2011

[11] Care is needed here as the per unit cost estimates for each of the roads authorities varies significantly. This leaves open the potential for the overall cost to be less than £190 million, should lower per-unit costs be more appropriate.

[12] Maintaining Scotland's Roads - A follow-up report, Audit Scotland, February 2011

[13] Audit Commission, May 2011, Going the Distance, achieving better value for money in road maintenance.

[14] Maintaining Scotland's Roads, Audit Scotland, November 2004, ISBN 1 904651 54 2

[15] Transport Scotland and SCOTS are already working together to consider opportunities for shared services and collaboration; including on a number of areas that fall outwith the scope of this review such as safety, design services and flood risk management. This wider work will continue to be taken forward by Transport Scotland and SCOTS in consultation with CoSLA (Convention of Scottish Local Authorities) and SOLACE (Society of Local Authority Chief Executives).

[16] CIPFA, 2008, Local Authority transport infrastructure assets.

[17] Between 2003 and 2006 independent audit demonstrated that Scottish Water Solutions (the joint venture company between Scottish Water and its delivery partners) delivered savings of £0.5 billion out of a total capital programme of £2.3 billion (Source: Costs and Performance Report 2003-2006, Water Industry Commission for Scotland, 2008)

[18] For example, Scottish Water's KPIs are outcome and output-focused, target-driven measures that are independently audited, assessed and made available to the wider public. Scottish Water delivered a 40% reduction in its operating costs over 5 years whilst, at the same time, increasing output and improving water quality. (Source: Water Industry Commission for Scotland, the independent economic regulator in Scotland)

[19] The Association for Public Service Excellence (APSE) - a UK wide organisation promoting benchmarking and best practice across the public sector.

[20] Road to Excellence - An international benchmarking project between national road administrations, Swedish Transport Administration, September 2010, ISBN: 978-91-7467-048-6

[21] Alternative Delivery Models, SCOTS Executive Committee Report, March 2011

[22] Maintaining Scotland's Roads, Audit Scotland, November 2004, ISBN 1 904651 54 2

[23] Key comparators include the USA, Ireland, Scandinavia, New Zealand and Australia

[24] See World Bank, PBC Resource Guide, 2009
http://www-esd.worldbank.org/pbc_resource_guide/Case-Australia (June 2011)

[25] An example from the Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA) of New South Wales illustrates the significant savings that were achieved in Sydney from an innovative contract. The RTA let its first 10-year performance-based contract in 1995, which included all maintenance activities for 450 km of urban roads (1,900 lane-km). The results included a 25% lower bid price, 10-year warranty on workmanship, a 13% asset condition improvement, and overall costs reduced by 20-30%. World Bank, PBC Resource Guide, 2009

[26] Information supplied by SCOTS

[27] Letter from Chief Secretary to the Treasury to Steve Freer CIPFA Chief Executive, dated 26th January 2009, accessed from:
http://www.cipfa.org.uk/pt/infrastructure/download/Local_Authority_Transport_Infrastructure_Assets_letter_Yvette_Cooper.pdf (June 2010)

[28] Audit Scotland 2011 report raw data collated from local authorities. No similar data exists for claims and payments made against foot or bridle path defects.

[29] For example, Well Maintained Highways – Code of Practice for Highway Maintenance, DfT, July 2005, ISBN 0 11552 643 9 accessed from
http://www.ukroadsliaisongroup.org/pdfs/060127%20_highway_risk_and_liability_guide.pdf (June 2010)

[30] Highway risk and liability claims - A Practical Guide to Appendix C of The Roads Board report

[31] The Performance Audit Group's Annual Report 2009/10, September 2010

[32] Between 2003 and 2006 Scotland's water sector delivered savings of £0.5 billion out of a total capital programme £2.3 billion.

[33] Local Authority Transport Infrastructure Assets Review Of Accounting, Management And Finance Mechanisms, Final Report, CIPFA, June 2008

[34] Efficient Government Fund Bid for the Development of a Common Framework for Asset Management Plans for Scottish Transport Infrastructure, SCOTS, 2005. Accessed from:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/02/23140746/0 June 2011.

[35] Integrated Roads Information System (Incorporating Road Condition Surveys) Contract Notice, Transport Scotland, 2011. Accessed from:
http://www.publiccontractsscotland.gov.uk/search/show/search_view.aspx?ID=MAY092567 (June 2011)

[36] An Asset-Management Framework for the Interstate Highway System, National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 632 (2009). Accessed from: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_632.pdf (April 2011)

[37] Economic Impacts of the I-35W Bridge Collapse, Minnesota Department of Transport,
http://projects.dot.state.mn.us/35wbridge/bridgeFAQ.html (June 2011)

[38] A review of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program, An Asset-Management Framework for the Interstate Highway System, USA , 2009 indicates that Transport Scotland, having introduced their RAMP in 2007, are ahead of this guidance to US roads authorities

[39] Interim State Highway Asset Management Plan 2010/11, NZ Transport Agency (July 2010).

[40] New Zealand Transport Agency: Information and planning for maintaining and renewing the state highway network – Auditor General's comments
http://www.oag.govt.nz/2010/nzta

[41] World Roads Association Technical Committee D1.1 - Benchmarking of Asset Management Methods, Examples of good practice in the Scottish case study.

[42] Local Authority Transport Infrastructure Assets Review Of Accounting, Management And Finance Mechanisms, Final Report, CIPFA, June 2008

[43] When comparing costs and savings of RAMPs across different geographical areas and funding regimes, it is important to understand the differences in project specification and coverage.

[44] In this instance "Pavement" is the technical term for all the layers of material comprising a road. It does not mean a footway.

[45] Transport Scotland refers to this condition level as "best practice target level'.

[46] Consistency of TTS Results on Local Roads Interim Report, Chris Britton Consultancy Report for Department for Transport, July 2005, Accessed from: www.ukroadsliaisongroup.org/.../Consistency%20of%20TTS%20Results_ Interim%20Report_v0203.pdf , June 2011

[47] SCOTS Road Asset Management, Footway Assessment Guidance 2010, SCOTS Footway Focus Group, 2010

[48] SCOTS application for funding from central government for Development of CIPFA compliant guidance documentation, valuation and reporting tools for the Roads Asset Management Plan common to all 32 Scottish Authorities, SCOTS, 2010.

[49] Interim State Highway Asset Management Plan 2010/11, NZ Transport Agency (July 2010).
New Zealand Transport Agency: Information and planning for maintaining and renewing the state highway network - Auditor General's comments http://www.oag.govt.nz/2010/nzta

[50] Commission on the Future Delivery of Public Services, APS Group Scotland (June 2011). Accessed from:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/352649/0118638.pdf August 2011

[51] Road to Excellence - An international benchmarking project between national road administrations, Swedish Transport Administration, September 2010, ISBN: 978-91-7467-048-6

[52] The UK water and waste water sector adopts KPIs which include outcome and output-focused, target-driven measures that are independently audited, assessed and made available to the wider public. An independent economic regulator (OFWAT in England and Wales, WICS in Scotland) agrees output service levels for all regulated businesses and monitors and reports on performance. Based on its specified KPIs Scottish Water delivered a 40% reduction in operating costs over 5 years whilst increasing output and improving water quality. (Source: Water Industry Commission for Scotland, Scottish Water Costs and Performance 2008-09 Report)

[53] Road to Excellence - An international benchmarking project between national road administrations, Swedish Transport Administration, September 2010, ISBN: 978-91-7467-048-6

[54] Eddington Transport Study: The Case for Action, DfT 2006

[55] VDOT information sourced from:
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/03nov/10.cfm .

[56] Modern Asphalts, Spring 2011, Issue no 28

[57] Road to Excellence - An international benchmarking project between national road administrations, Swedish Transport Administration, September 2010, ISBN: 978-91-7467-048-6

[58] See Tayside Knowledge Transfer Partnership -
http://www.taysidektp.org/projects/

[59] Modern Asphalts, Autumn 2008 Issue no. 23. Also see
http://www.dundee.ac.uk/pressreleases/2008/prjune08/tayset.html for details of new material

[60] Street Lighting Progress Report for SCOTS Liaison Committee

[61] Recycling in Transport Infrastructure, TRL report produced under the UK Governments Partners in Innovation Scheme

[62] See
http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/narc/

[63] Performance Based Service Agreements, ERAnet Project Report, Halcrow Group Ltd., October 2009

[64] See, for example, The XIIIth National Congress of Roads and Bridges from Romania at
http://www.irfnet.org/eventdetail.php?catid=3&id=101&title=The%20XIIIth%20National%20Congress%20of%2

[65] Source: Tayside Contracts

[66] Source: Transport Scotland Bridges Team

[67] Scottish Transport Awards 2011: Excellence in Technology and Innovation

[68] Innovation implementation in road contracts, European Asphalt Pavement Association, 2003

[69] Source: COSLA

[70]http://www.apse.org.uk/service-awards/2010/award-winners.html

[71] Source: Tayside Contracts

72 See the Highways Agency Lean website at http://www.ha-partnernet.org.uk/portal/server.pt/community/lean_improvement/703 and Lean case studies available on the HMEP website at http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/regional/hmep/success.php

[73] CIHT Awards 2010

[74] See Advice Note No. 17 Issued by the Roads Authorities and Utilities Committee (Scotland)

[75] Transport Scotland Pavement Forum - Traffic Management sub-group paper, January 2011

[76] See http://trafficscotland.org/

[77] See http://www.roadworksscotland.org/

[78] See www.tactranconnect.com

[79] Alternative Delivery Models, Society of Chief Officers of Transport In Scotland, Executive Committee, 18 March 2011

[80] Maintaining Scotland's Roads, Audit Scotland, November 2004, ISBN 1 904651 54 2

[81] Scottish Government, A92 Project Business Case, 2001

[82] Audit Scotland, Maintaining Scotland's Roads report 2010

[83] Maintaining Scotland's Roads - A follow-up report, Audit Scotland, February 2011

[84] The Performance Audit Group's Annual Report 2009/10: September 2010

[85] Road to Excellence - An international benchmarking project between national road administrations, Swedish Transport Administration, September 2010, ISBN: 978-91-7467-048-6

[86] Tayside Contracts Audited Accounts, 1996-2010/11

[87] Alternative Delivery Models, Society of Chief Officers of Transport In Scotland, Executive Committee, 18 March 2011

[88] Glasgow City Council Annual Performance Report 2009 to 2010, October 2010, Accessed from:
http://www.glasgow.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/8B6A86F2-30B6-4F7F-8EDD-783E7E1BF97E/0/GCCAPR2009to2010.pdfJune 2011

[89] Public Private Partnership Achievement of the Year Candidate - Amey Roads (North Lanarkshire) Commitment to Partnership and Social Inclusion, MJ Achievement Awards 2009. Accessed from:
http://admin.localgov.co.uk/his_localgov/view/images/uploaded/Image/PPPAmeyNorthLanarkshirecom.PDF June 2010

[90] Alternative Delivery Models, Society of Chief Officers of Transport In Scotland, Executive Committee, 18 March 2011

[91] See World Bank, PBC Resource Guide, 2009

[92] Sourced from a variety of WICS Reports Accessed from:

http://www.watercommission.co.uk/view_ScottishWater_All.aspx August 2011

[93] Alternative Delivery Models, SCOTS Executive Committee Report, March 2011

[94] The Improvement Service, Shared Services, Clyde Valley, 2009

[95] http://www.forthvalleygis.gov.uk/CaseStudy_OS.pdf

[96] http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2009/06/ERFFinalReport/Q/EditMode/on/ForceUpdate/on/Page/3

[97] Falkirk Council Efficiency Statement 2008/09

[98] Examples of mergers include Alberta Canada, where the Provincial Government assumed responsibility for the secondary highway network from municipal governments and Denmark where the structure of counties was dissolved and the Road Directorate took over 2000km of local roads.

[99] Minor Maintenance Works Framework Contract Power Point Presentation, East Ayrshire Council (Date of production unknown). Supplied by East Ayrshire Council.

[100] Innovative Project Delivery Methods for Infrastructure, An International Perspective, Finnish Road Enterprise , Pakkala, 2002 ISBN 952-5408-05-1

[101]http://www.cbconline.org.uk/

[102] Examples available on the DfT HMEP website at http://www.dft.gov.uk/topics/local-authorities/hmep/success.php (April 2011)

[103] It should be noted that the views expressed in this summary were those of the individual attendees.