S11 Ancillary Activities
S11 Ancillary Activities
S11.1 Traffic signs, road markings, studs and verge markers
S11.1.1 General
1) Prior to the opening of any works to traffic, all traffic signs, road markings, studs and verge markers removed during the works shall be reinstated to a permanent or temporary standard. Temporary traffic signs, road markings, studs and verge markers shall be permitted for a maximum of 15 working days following completion of the permanent reinstatement.
2) All traffic signs, road markings, studs and verge markers removed during works shall be reinstated at their original location, wherever possible. Where any traffic signs, road markings, studs or verge markers cannot be reinstated at their original locations, they shall be permanently reinstated to a new layout in accordance with the Traffic Signs Manual: Chapter 5 and the Traffic Signs Regulations & General Directions following agreement with the roads authority.
3) Where the layout of existing traffic signs, road markings, studs or verge markers is not in accordance with the Traffic Signs Manual: Chapter 5 and the Traffic Signs Regulations & General Directions, and the Authority notifies the Undertaker prior to the commencement of works, the layout of all traffic signs, road markings, studs or verge markers to be reinstated following the works shall be determined by agreement. In this event, if the Authority provides any new traffic signs, studs or verge markers, to replace obsolete or previously damaged items removed during the works, then the Undertaker shall install such items as part of the permanent reinstatement of the works.
S11.1.2 Traffic Signs, Studs and Verge Markers
Wherever possible, all traffic signs, studs and verge markers removed during the works shall be re-erected or re-installed on completion. Where the original items cannot be re-erected or re-installed, they shall be replaced using items of equivalent type, colour, performance and dimensions.
S11.1.3 Road Markings - General
1) Prior to permanent reinstatement, temporary road markings may be applied using quick drying, durable paint, adhesive strip or like materials of similar colour and dimensions to the original markings.
2) Road markings removed during the works shall be permanently reinstated using materials of equivalent colour and dimensions.
3) Except where otherwise specified by the Authority, the retro-reflectivity and skid resistance of all yellow and white lines shall comply with BS EN 1436, as follows:
a) Dry retro-reflectivity to Table 3:
Yellow - Class R0
White - Class R2
b) Wet skid resistance to Table 7:
Yellow - Class S1
White - Class S3
4) Unless otherwise agreed by the Authority, all white thermoplastic road markings shall be treated with surface-applied glass beads so as to achieve the performance requirements in 3) a) & b) above.
5) Hot-applied thermoplastic road marking materials with synthetic resin binder shall be laid to the following thickness:
a) Screed lines - 3.5 mm ± 1.5 mm
b) Sprayed yellow edge lines (No Waiting, etc.) - 0.8 mm minimum
c) Sprayed lines, other than yellow - 1.5 mm minimum
d) Extruded lines - 3.0 mm ± 0.5 mm
6) Cold applied road markings (e.g. Methylmethacrylate) may be used as an alternative to hot-applied thermoplastic materials provided that they at least match the appropriate BS EN 1824 durability and BS EN 1436 performance requirements as set out in this Section.
7) The performance requirements for permanent road marking materials shall have been established from road trials in accordance with BS EN 1824. The material used to reinstate road markings shall be in accordance with Table S11.1.
| Road Type | Required Roll-over Class (BS EN 1824 Table 1) |
| 0 | P5 |
| 1 to 4 & f'ways/cycletracks | P4 |
S11.1.4 Road Markings - Small Reinstatements
Road markings for small excavations (as defined in Section S1.5.1) shall meet the criteria in Section S11.1.3. Alternative materials may be used, subject to the following:
1) Road marking tape may be used in place of thermoplastic markings or marking paint - individual tape lengths shall be no more than 2.5 m in length.
2) Pre-formed thermoplastic markings may be used in place of hot applied thermoplastic materials - individual lengths shall be no more than 2.5 m in length.
3) No alternatives may be used in place of specialist materials such as rib markings without the prior approval of the Authority.
S11.2 Street Furniture and Special Features
Street furniture and other special features, such as tactile paving removed to facilitate road works, shall be replaced in the same position and layout before opening the road to traffic and pedestrians. Items removed to facilitate road works must be carefully stored and maintained during the works. Advice on replacement may be provided by the Authority.
Where excavation is planned at or near to traffic sensors etc, advice regarding precautions to avoid damage shall be sought from the relevant Authority before work commences. Traffic Sensors should be recorded in the Gazetteer.
S11.4.1 Sewers, Drains and Tunnels
1) An Undertaker executing road works that involve breaking up or opening a sewer, drain or tunnel that is vested in or owned by another responsible Authority shall obtain the approval of that Authority before executing the works to their reasonable requirements and satisfaction.
2) In the case of a public sewer, the "responsible Authority" shall mean the sewerage Undertaker (i.e. the water service company for the relevant area).
3) In the case of any other sewer, drain or tunnel, the "responsible Authority" shall mean the owner (or the Authority, body or person) responsible for the management or control of the sewer, drain or tunnel.
4) Where the responsible Authority knows of the existence of sustainable drainage systems (e.g. SUDS) in areas likely to be affected by the Undertaker's work, they shall inform the undertaker, so that an appropriate excavation and subsequent reinstatement method can be agreed.
S11.4.2 Water Egress (Road Surface and Utility Apparatus)
Notes for Guidance are provided to cover situations where water issues from the road surface or an Undertaker's apparatus.
S11.5.1 Access Covers, Frames and Surround
The installation, construction and maintenance of apparatus such as access covers and frames are an integral part of road works. Works undertaken to apparatus shall be to the standard and specification of the owner of the apparatus. (see NG11.5.1)
S11.5.1.1 Trimback
The width of trimback shall be dependent on the reinstatement and comply with the following.
1) Reinstatement Materials which do not require compaction
If reinstatement materials are being used which do not require compaction e.g. rapid cure concrete, flowable mastic asphalt, etc. then a minimum width of trimback will be required. Typically, it will be 50mm in excess of the flange width e.g. a frame which has a 150 mm base will require 200 mm width of trimback.
2) Reinstatement Materials which require compaction
If reinstatement materials are being used that require compaction e.g. granular sub base, hot rolled asphalt, etc. then the width of trimback required will be the width of the frame base plus the width of the compaction tool sole plate plus 50 mm. e.g. a frame which has a 150 mm flange will require 350 mm width of trimback to accommodate a compaction tool sole plate of 150 mm.
S11.5.1.2 Excavation
1) Edge preparation of the excavation shall comply with section S6.5.2 for flexible roads and Section S7.4.2 for rigid and modular roads.
2) All loose excavation material and the existing frame shall be removed and the structure prepared to receive the new frame.
3) All loose supporting materials e.g. proprietary packing materials, engineering bricks etc., shall be removed.
S11.5.1.3 Reinstatement Materials
1) Within 350mm of the edge of the access chamber frame cover, bedding material, including C32/40 strength concrete, may be used to fill the excavation to within 100 mm of the road surface.
2) A suitable edge sealant shall be applied, and where necessary a primer applied to the frame and bedding materials.
3) All bedding materials shall be allowed to cure prior to the application of the surfacing.
4) To provide longevity of service life in high stress areas such as braking and turning areas, consideration should be given to the use of proprietary flowable mastic asphalt.
Test holes greater than 150 mm diameter are regarded as excavations and shall be reinstated to comply with this Specification. Test holes of nominal 150 mm diameter or less are not excavations for the purposes of this Specification and shall be reinstated to a permanent standard within 10 working days of completion of all associated work on the site.
1) General
a) Prior to reinstatement, all test holes should be made safe and maintained in a safe condition.
b) Test holes up to and including 25 mm diameter shall be immediately reinstated to a permanent standard.
c) Test holes larger than 25 mm diameter may be reinstated to an interim standard, if required.
d) In modular surfaces, when it is practicable to lift the modules, preference should be given to the lifting of individual modules prior to the drilling of test holes. When It is not reasonable practicable to lift modules or the surface is classed as 'high amenity' the modules should be drilled. Where possible the hole should be on the joint of 4 modules.
e) In unmade ground, test holes shall be tamped closed or filled with appropriate materials.
2) 50 mm Diameter or Less
Test holes shall be reinstated to finish flush with the surface by any of the following methods:
a) Using a fine aggregate, bound with cement or bitumen for the upper layers, as appropriate, and compacted in layers of 100 mm thickness, or less.
b) Using a self compacting proprietary product.
c) Using a flexible sealing plug. The void beneath the flexible sealing plug shall be reinstated using sand and cement mix or a proprietary product.
i. In bituminous surfaces, all sealing plugs shall be coloured black (or dark grey).
ii. In modular or concrete surfaces, sealing plugs shall be coloured as appropriate.
d) If a flexible sealing plug should become dislodged during the guarantee period, the Undertaker shall replace the plug.
e) The various methods of reinstating the hole should be coloured as closely as possible to match the existing surface.
3) 50 to 150 mm Diameter
In paved surfaces, test holes shall be reinstated using a fine aggregate, appropriately compacted in layers of 100mm thickness, or less, and surfaced with appropriate cementitious, cold or hot-lay bituminous materials to finish flush with the surface. This should be coloured as closely as possible to match the existing surface.
Overbanding or coating of the road surface at the interface between the existing road and the reinstatement edge is not encouraged, but where carried out it shall be undertaken in accordance with the following requirements:
1) The minimum skid resistance value (SRV), or Pendulum Test Value (PTV), for all overbanding materials shall be 55.
2) The SRV/PTV shall be measured in accordance with BS EN 13036: Part 4 except that the narrow slider shall be used over the full 126mm sliding length utilising the normal slider scale C.
3) Overbanding shall not exceed 3 mm thickness nor 40 mm width. Properly applied overbanding may be subject to spreading and may eventually wear away under trafficking. Overbanding which displays these characteristics shall not require intervention.
4) Overbanding shall not be used as a substitute for any edge sealing required in accordance with Section S6.5.2.2.
5) All materials used for overbanding shall have a current HAPAS Approval Certificate. In the event that no such approvals have been issued, then it shall not be used without the approval of the Authority, which shall not be unreasonably withheld. There shall be no departure from the performance requirements at the time of application.