Table S
Contributory factors: Casualties in reported accidents - seriously injured 1 2, 2020
Road environment contributed
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Poor or defective road surface | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 14 | 1 |
| Deposit on road (eg oil, mud, chippings) | 0 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 1 |
| Slippery road (due to weather) | 7 | 2 | 15 | 64 | 6 | 94 | 5 |
| Inadequate/masked signs or road markings | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Defective traffic signals | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Temporary road layout (eg contraflow) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Road layout (eg bend, hill, narrow c-way) | 2 | 1 | 4 | 15 | 0 | 22 | 1 |
| Animal or other object in carriageway | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
Vehicle defects
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Tyres illegal, defective or under-inflat | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Defective lights or indicators | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Defective brakes | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Defective steering or suspension | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Overloaded or poorly loaded vehicle/trai | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Injudicious action (driver/rider)
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Disobeyed automatic traffic signal | 4 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 16 | 1 |
| Disobeyed Give Way or Stop sign or marki | 0 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 20 | 1 |
| Disobeyed double white line | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 |
| Disobeyed pedestrian crossing facility | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1 |
| Illegal turn or direction of travel | 2 | 5 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 19 | 1 |
| Exceeding speed limit | 0 | 4 | 8 | 45 | 1 | 58 | 3 |
| Travelling too fast for the conditions | 7 | 4 | 5 | 70 | 8 | 94 | 5 |
| Following too close | 0 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 21 | 1 |
| Vehicle travelling along pavement | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Cyclist entering road from pavement | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
Driver/rider error or reaction
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Junction overshoot | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 11 | 1 |
| Junction restart | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Poor turn or manoeuvre | 4 | 9 | 28 | 47 | 6 | 94 | 5 |
| Failed to signal / misleading signal | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 0 |
| Failed to look properly (D/R) | 36 | 64 | 49 | 91 | 14 | 254 | 15 |
| Failed to judge other pers path/speed (D) | 5 | 16 | 25 | 52 | 11 | 109 | 6 |
| Too close to cyclist,horse or pedestrian | 4 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 1 |
| Sudden braking | 1 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 18 | 1 |
| Swerved | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 14 | 1 |
| Loss of control | 4 | 14 | 39 | 103 | 5 | 165 | 9 |
Impairment or distraction (driver/rider)
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Impaired by alcohol (D/R) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 28 | 0 | 32 | 2 |
| Impaired by drugs (illicit/medicinal) (D) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 21 | 0 | 27 | 2 |
| Fatigue | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 0 |
| Uncorrected defective eyesight | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Illness or disability (mental/physic) (D) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 8 | 30 | 2 |
| Not display lights at night / in poor visibility | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Cyclist wearing dark clothing at night | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Driver using mobile phone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Distraction in vehicle | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 24 | 1 |
| Distraction outside vehicle | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 |
Behaviour or inexperience (driver/rider)
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Aggressive driving | 4 | 4 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 23 | 1 |
| Careless / reckless /in a hurry (D/R) | 10 | 12 | 16 | 59 | 5 | 102 | 6 |
| Nervous / uncertain / panic | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Driving too slow for condits / slow vehicle | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Inexperienced or learner driver/rider | 2 | 0 | 9 | 14 | 0 | 25 | 1 |
| Inexperience of driving on the left | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Inexperience with type of vehicle | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
Vision affected
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Stationary or parked vehicle | 8 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 19 | 1 |
| Vegetation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Road layout (eg bend, winding rd, hill c | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 0 |
| Buildings, road signs, street furniture | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Dazzling headlights | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Dazzling sun | 6 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 22 | 1 |
| Rain, sleet, snow or fog | 5 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 1 |
| Spray from other vehicles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Visor/windscreen dirty/scratched/frosted | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Vehicle blind spot | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
Pedestrian only
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Crossed road masked by stationary/parked | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| Pedestrian failed to look properly | 76 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 5 |
| Ped. failed to judge vehicles path or sp | 17 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 1 |
| Wrong use of pedestrian crossing facilit | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 |
| Dangerous action in carriageway (eg play | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 |
| Pedestrian impaired by alcohol | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 18 | 1 |
| Ped. impaired by drugs (illicit/medicina | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Ped. careless / reckless /in a hurry | 13 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 21 | 1 |
| Pedestrian wearing dark clothing at nigh | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1 |
| Ped. disability or illness, mental/physi | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
Special codes
| Person who was seriously injured | as a % of all seriously injured casualties |
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| Stolen vehicle | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Vehicle in course of crime | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| Emergency vehicle on call | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Vehicle door opened or closed negligentl | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Other | 10 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 25 | 1 |
All serious injuries
| Pedestrian | pedalcyclist | motorcyclist | Car/taxi user | Other | All |
| 338 | 220 | 284 | 804 | 104 | 1,750 |
1. Includes only accidents where a police officer attended the scene and in which a contributory factor was reported.
2. Due to changes in the the way casualty severities are recorded, figures for serious casualties in 2019 and 2020 are not comparable with previous years.
NB: As described in the text, an accident will be counted once for each combination of CF (excluding "repeats") and serious injury.
For example, an accident with four different CFs and three serious injury would be counted twelve times in this table - each serious injury would be counted against the first CF, then against the second CF, and so on. As a result, the percentages would total far more than 100%.
However, "repeats" are excluded: if the same CF applies to two different participants, each serious injury will be counted only once against that CF.
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