Chapter 11 - Personal and Cross modal

Chapter 11 - Personal and Cross modal

1. Introduction

1.1 This chapter previously included information from the National Travel Survey (NTS). However, Scottish data are no longer collected in the NTS, estimates for Scotland from the NTS are available in previous editions of this publication. This chapter now focuses on estimates derived mainly from the Scottish Household Survey (SHS), findings from others sources are marked as such within the text.

1.2 The SHS is a sample survey and provide person-based cross-modal information, in contrast to most of the earlier chapters, which tend to be based on particular modes of transport. The SHS also includes a travel diary that asks respondents for information about the journeys they made on the previous day, including information on the duration, distance, purpose and mode of travel. More information and further tables covering transport findings from the Scottish Household Survey can be found in Transport and Travel in Scotland: http://bit.ly/2qbgypZ

1.3 In this edition of STS we have also presented relevant information on travel behaviours collected from the 2011 census as previously published by the National Records of Scotland. More information about the sources used can be found in the Sources section on page 225.

Over the period that the 2020 Scottish Household Survey was being conducted (October 2020 and January – March 2021) people in Scotland were subject to restrictions on travel and daily activity.

Most notably, this included the 'second lockdown', which ran from 5 January 2021 to April 2021, and incorporated a legal requirement forbidding anyone from leaving their home except for essential purposes.

Some of the survey questions were last asked in 2019.

Key points

• 69% of people had travelled the previous day when asked as part of the 2021 Scottish Household Survey.
• Of the 313 million public transport journeys made in 2021, 81 per cent were by bus, 15 per cent were journeys by rail, air accounts for 2 per cent and ferries 2 per cent.
• Twenty seven per cent of journeys to work and 77 per cent of journeys to school are by public and active travel.

2. Main Points

Trips

2.1 In the 2021 Scottish Household Survey 69% of people reported having travelled the previous day.

2.2 As in previous years, the car was the most popular mode of transport for journeys made in 2021, with 50% of journeys made as a car driver.

2.3 Sixteen per cent of adults used the bus at least once per week in 2021, whereas only 3% used the train. The gap was less for usage over the past month, with 29% using a bus compared to 26% for the train.

Distance travelled

2.4 In 2021, most journeys tended to be over short distances, with 19% of all journeys being under 1 km long and a further 25% between 1 and 3 km. The average (median) journey distance in 2020 was 3.8 km.

2.5 The average (median) walking journey was 1.1 km in length in 2021. Car journeys tended to be over greater distances, with a median car driver journey of 6.6 km.

2.6 In 2021, shopping (24%) and going to work (16%) were the most frequent journey purposes.

Duration travelled

2.7 In terms of time, most journeys in 2021 (66%) lasted for less than 20 minutes. Only 5% of journeys lasted more than an hour.

Car access

2.8 Adults in households with more cars were more likely to have travelled the previous day – in 2021, 56% of adults living in households with no cars normally available travelled the previous day, compared to 74% of adults with two or more cars.

Car driving by adults increased with an increase in car availability. Where no car was normally available, 2% of adults' journeys were as a driver of a car, compared to 52% where one car was available, and 62% where two or more cars were available.

2.9 Adults in households with no car access made a far higher proportion of their journeys by public and active travel in 2021. Where no cars were available there was a far higher proportion of journeys by foot: 56%, compared to 30% where one car was available and 22% where there were two or more cars. The proportion of trips by bus was also considerably higher for adults in households with no car: 18%, compared to 3% for those with one car and 2% for those with at least two cars.

Driving

2.10 The Scottish Household Survey (SHS) provides information about how often people aged 17 or over drive. In 2021, 36% of men, 32% of women and 34% of all people aged 17+ said that they drove every day. A further 36% stated they drove at least once a week (but not every day), 3% drove less frequently, 4% had a full driving licence but never drove, and 23% did not have a full driving licence. (Table 11.10)

2.12 The frequency of driving varied with age. In 2021, 42% of people aged 40 to 49 said they drove every day. As age rises this falls (to 15% for people aged 80 and over). The frequency of driving also varied with the annual net income of the household. Thirty nine percent of people aged 17+ living in households with an annual net income of £50,000 or more said they drove every day, compared with 21 percent of those living in households with an annual net income of up to £10,000. Over a quarter (29%) of people aged 17+ in large urban areas drove every day compared to 36% in 'remote rural' areas. (Table 11.10)

Walking

2.13 In 2021, 67% of adults made a journey of more than a quarter of a mile by foot to go somewhere in the last seven days – the second highest proportion seen in the last decade. Young adults (aged 16-19) were the most likely to have walked to go somewhere (74%), compared with 65% of those aged 50-59. Adults aged over 80 were the lowest at 42% (Tables 11.11 & 11.13)

2.14 In 2021, 74% of adults said that they had walked for pleasure or to keep fit at least once in the last seven days – the highest in recent times. There was some variation with age: the percentage was highest for those aged 30-39 (82%) and lowest for those aged 80 or above (80%). There was less variation with household income, although those with net annual incomes of over £30,000 were more likely than those with lower incomes. (Tables 11.11 & 11.13)

Travel to Work (SHS data)

2.16 The SHS shows that 40% of employed adults worked from home in 2021. Seventy six percent of self-employed people worked from home, though this is based on a relatively small sample size and therefore may be subject to larger confidence intervals than in previous years. (Tables 11.17 & 11.21)

2.17 Overall, the SHS found that the majority (71%) of employed adults who did not work from home travelled to work by car or van (as either the driver or as a passenger) in 2021. This percentage tended to increase with age (20-39: 69%, Over 40: around 72% to 76%), type of employment (64% of those who work part-time, compared to 72% for full-time) and annual net household income (rising to 75% of those in the £50,000+ band). (Table 11.18)

2.18 Other usual means of travel to work were: walking (12%); bus (7%); rail (4%); bicycle (4%) and other modes (2%). Use of such modes of transport also varied. For example: in general, the greater the income of the household, the less likely a person was to walk or use the bus to travel to work; the percentage who walked to work was highest in small remote towns (20%) and the percentage who commuted by bus was highest in large urban areas (11%). (Tables 11.18 & 11.22)

Travel To Work (non-SHS data)

2.19 Other data sources show a similar pattern to the Scottish Household Survey data and also enable comparison with the rest of Great Britain.

2.20 Labour Force Survey results suggest that, between 2011 and 2021, there has been little change in the percentage for whom a car or a van is the usual means of travel to work (68% in both 2011 and 2021). There was little change to walking which was 12% in 2011 and 14% in 2021. People who work at home are excluded from these figures. These figures are similar to the findings from the SHS shown in table 11.18. (Table 11.14)

2.21 There appears to have been little change in recent years in the average times taken to travel to work by the main modes of transport (in 2021: 22 minutes by car; 43 minutes by bus and 15 minutes by foot). (Table 11.15 b)

2.22 The Scottish Census 2011 showed 2.4 million people aged between 16 and 74 in employment, excluding full-time students. 11% of these worked mainly from home. Of the remaining 2.1 million people, 36% had a journey of under 5 km to work, 43% had a journey of between 5 km and 30 km to work and 8% travelled 30 km or more to work. The remaining 12% had no fixed place of work, worked offshore or worked outside the UK. (Table 11.31).

2.23 Information about travel to work has been collected in population censuses since 1966. Excluding those that worked at home, the percentage of the working population using cars to travel to work had increased from 21% in 1966 to 69% in 2011 and the percentage using buses had fallen from 43% in 1966 to 11% in 2011. There had also been a significant fall in the proportion of the working population who walk to work, from 24% in 1966 to 11% in 2011. (Table 11.16)

2.24 The 2011 Census showed that the distance of people's journey to work tended to vary with their access to cars or vans. Seventy-four per cent of people living in households with no car or van available had a commute of fewer than 10 km, compared with 60 per cent of those in households with one car or van available and 47 per cent of those in households with two or more cars or vans available. Conversely, the proportion of people who travelled 30 km or more to work was higher for people in households with two or more cars or vans available (10 per cent) than for those in households with one car or van available (7 per cent) or with no cars or vans available (4 per cent). (Table 11.33)

Travel to School

2.25 In 2021, 54% of children in full-time education at school usually walked to school, 19% usually went by bus, 22% by car or van, 2% cycled. There was little difference between the sexes, but varied greatly with age: 65% of primary school age pupils (those aged up to 11) usually walked to school compared with only 42% of those of secondary school age (those aged 12 and over); 25% of primary pupils went by car or van compared with only 18% of secondary pupils; and only 6% of primary pupils usually travelled by bus compared with 36% of those of secondary age. (Table 11.19)

2.26 Those usually travelling by car/van tended to rise with household income, to around 27% of pupils from households with an annual net income between £25,000 and £40,000, reflecting patterns seen elsewhere in this chapter e.g. travel to work and car use more generally. Walking to school was lowest (26%) in remote rural areas. The Sustrans Hands Up Scotland Survey shows similar findings. (Tables 11.19, 11.23 & 11.23a)

2.27 According to the 2011 Scottish Census, 88% of children aged between 4 and 11 travelled less than 5 km to school, including 72% who travelled less than 2 km. 51% of those aged over 18 travelled less than 5 km to their place of study. 430,000 people of any age travelled under 2 km to their place of study, with 73% of these people travelling by foot, 6% travelling by bus and 17% as a passenger in a car or van. Of the 428,000 people who travelled 2 km or more to their place of study, 31 per cent did so as a car driver or passenger, 43 per cent travelled by bus and 7 per cent travelled by train. (Table 11.34 & 11.35)

Travel Abroad

2.28 The International Passenger Survey (IPS) estimates provided for 2021 should be treated with caution as the numbers are much smaller than pre-coronavirus pandemic years, especially the first six months of the year, resulting in some cases with larger confidence intervals. According to the survey, Scottish residents made an estimated 965,000 visits abroad in 2021 with 932,000 visits (97%) being made by air. Edinburgh was the main airport used and accounted for about 482,000 visits (50% of all visits abroad), followed by Glasgow (234,000 or 24%), Aberdeen (23,000 or 2%). Around 23,000 visits abroad (2%) were made by sea. Figures for the Channel Tunnel were not available. (Table 11.24)

2.29 Around 53% of Scottish residents' visits abroad were made for holiday purposes. Of these, 202,000 (21%) were on a package holiday whilst the rest travelled independently. There were 334,000 (35%) visits abroad to visit friends or relatives and 79,000 visits abroad for business purposes (8%). (Table 11.24)

2.30 Forty seven per cent (449,000) of Scottish residents' visits abroad were made to EU countries and visits to other European areas totalled 5,000 (0.5%). Visits to Canada and the USA together totalled about 31,000 (3%). (Table 11.25)

2.31 The estimated number of visits abroad by Scottish residents rose from 4.2 million in 2004 to a peak of 4.8 million in 2008, a rise of 14%. There were then increases(apart from 2013) in the numbers each year from 2010 until 2019, an increase of 41%. Between 2005 and 2008 there was a decline in the number of package holidays, although since 2009 the trend has been upwards . Those travelling independently has generally increased as well. Other holidays increased by 14% between 2009 and 2019. There was also a large increase in the number of visits to friends and relatives over the same period, with numbers doubling between 2009 and 2018 and falling 23% between 2018 and 2019. Some of the apparent year-to-year changes may be due to sampling variability, however, the general trends reflect patterns described elsewhere in this publication. (Table 11.26)

Transport Model for Scotland

2.32 Information on travel between different parts of Scotland is available from the Transport Model for Scotland (TMfS). The base year of TMfS is 2018.

2.33 It is estimated that, on an average weekday in 2018, 6.35 million person-trips were made by car, bus or train across the boundaries of one or more of the zones which are within the area covered by the TMfS. Just over one third (35%) of these trips were within the Clydeplan region, 24% within SESplan region, 6% within TAYplan, and 9% within Aberdeen City & Shire. (Table 11.27)

2.34 Of the 6.35 million inter-zonal person trips per weekday it is estimated that 5.4 million were by car. These accounted for over four-fifths of the total, and the main features of the pattern of trips by car were similar to those described in the previous paragraph. There were also an estimated 900 thousand inter-zonal person-trips by bus or train per weekday. Two fifths of these were within Clydeplan, and just over a quarter were within SESplan. (Table 11.27)

2.35 There was an average of just over 4.6 million journeys per weekday by cars and goods vehicles, with each vehicle containing one or more people. One third were within Clydeplan, and just under a quarter were within SESplan. (Table 11.27)

Concessionary Travel

2.36 92 million passenger journeys were made under all types of concessionary fare schemes in 2021-22, 84% more than in 2020-21. Concessionary travel schemes have varied over the years: a national minimum standard of free off-peak local bus travel for elderly and disabled people in Scotland was introduced from 30 September 2002, the scheme was extended to men aged 60-64 from 1 April 2003. In 2006 this was superseded by the introduction of the National Concessionary Travel Scheme for the elderly and disabled which allowed free bus travel across Scotland. Including the young persons' scheme, concessionary bus travel accounted for 88 million passenger journeys in 2021-22, 96% of concessionary journeys by all modes of transport). (Table 11.29)

Traveline Scotland

2.37 In 2021 Traveline Scotland received 91,700 telephone calls which was 66% more than the previous year. Its Web site and smart phone app recorded 25 million hits in 2021, up 35% from the previous year. (Table 11.30).

Notes

This worksheet contains one table.

note 1

The frequency of driving is shown only for those who hold a full driving licence

note 2

The number of days in the previous seven days on which the person made a trip of more than a quarter of a mile by foot for the specified purpose.

note 3

This question was asked in even years until 2016, but missed in 2018. Figures will be available in alternate years from 2019.

note 4

From April 2003, the questionnaire changed such that information on possession of driving licences and frequency of driving was no longer collected from the head of the household, or his/her spouse/partner, about all adults in the household, but instead from one randomly chosen adult member of the household about him or herself.

note 5

Question now asked in survey every other year. 2018 is the most recent data available.

note 6

This category includes jogging and walking a dog.

note 7

Note: This table is no longer being updated. Henceforth, information about average times taken to travel to work will be given in Table 11.15 (b), which is on the basis that is used to produce such figures for DfT's "Regional Transport Statistics".

note 8

Sample size for this cell is too small for reliable estimates.

note 9

Some of the figures shown in table 11.15 (b) differ slightly from those in 11.15 (a) due to differing methodology used to extract. Results are weighted using population estimates to ensure they are representative of the population at large.

note 10

Data are for males and females in employment aged 16-99.

note 11

Maximum recorded value of usual travel to work time = 180 minutes.

note 12

The large fall between 2010 and 2011 is due to a small sample size with a small number of very extreme values that are very sensitive to change

note 13

Excluding those who worked at home in 1981, 1991 and 2001 (who were not identified separately in the 1966 and 1971 Census travel to work figures)

note 14

Less than half a per cent but greater than zero.

note 15

Includes 'none' in 1971

note 16

Includes 'none' in 1966; unspecified means of 'Public transport' in 1971, and 'not stated' in all years apart from 2001 (when there was no "not stated" category).

note 17

Those whose current situation was described as self-employed, employed full-time or employed part-time.

note 18

Including the Glasgow Underground .

note 19

e.g. Edinburgh trams, motorcycle, lorry, taxi, ferry, etc.

note 20

Value supressed as sample size contains fewer than 50 responses

note 21

Denotes cell value supressed as based on fewer than 5 responses

note 22

For those in full time education at school. The Main method of transport is recorded if there is more than one method.

note 23

Including those who were said to travel by school bus, private bus, and a few who went by works bus.

note 24

Including the Glasgow Underground.

note 25

The main method of transport is recorded if the journey involves more than one method.

note 26

Including those who were said to travel by private bus, and a few who went by works bus.

note 27

All schools excluding nursery

note 28

These estimates are based on information from samples of passengers using the principal routes- see sections 3.14 and 4.4 of the text.

note 29

"Other UK ports" includes information collected from Rosyth in 2008 Q2 & Q3. There are minor differences between Tables 11.26, 11.27 and 11.28, due to totals being calculated by adding separately-rounded numbers.

note 30

Prestwick airport was removed from the sample in quarter 2 of 2016.

note 31

These estimates are based on information from samples of passengers using the principal routes: the International Passenger Survey does not provide any information about passengers using other routes (e.g.Rosyth) - see sections 11.2 (page 283) and 11.7 (page 288) of the notes and definitions. Prestwick airport was added to the International Passenger Survey sample in 2005, so there are no figures for it prior to then. Removed from the sample quarter 2 of 2016 The results for 2003 and earlier years differ from those published previously because ONS has revised the series retrospectively - for example, the EU/Other Europe breakdown now reflects the position following the enlargement of the EU in 2004.

note 32

IPS changed the methodology for processing the imbalance within the survey data collection. Figures from 2009 have been revised and are not comparable with previous years.

note 33

All travel movements between the 803 zones used to represent the UK. - see section 4.5 of the commentary. The number of shorter distance trips which travel within a model zone area is not known.

note 34

East Dunbartonshire, East Renfrewshire, Glasgow City, Inverclyde, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Lanarkshire and West Dunbartonshire

note 35

City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian, Fife (South), Scottish Borders and West Lothian

note 36

Dundee City, Angus, Perth & Kinross and Fife (North)

note 37

This traffic and travel data was extracted from the Transport Model for Scotland 2018 (TMfS18) (Base Year Version DL, Model Version TMfS18 V1.0). The data reflects daily travel movements within a 2018 base year and represents the most recent data available from the LATIS service TMfS18 covers the whole of the Scottish Strategic Transport network. England is represented with much less detail. The data reflects 'inter-zonal trips', which includes all travel movements between the 803 zones used to represent the UK. The data does not include more local or short distance movements travelling wholly within model zones.

note 38

Figures include a degree of estimation (e.g. allowances for claims not yet been processed) and may incur some small revisions to previously published data.

note 39

The National Concessionary Travel bus scheme was introduced on 1st April 2006, which allows elderly and disabled free travel on all scheduled bus services in Scotland. This replaced any local schemes.

note 40

2001-02 & 2002-03 figures do not include Eilean Siar.

note 41

The Young People's Concessionary Travel Scheme started in 8 January 2007, aimed at 16 to 18 year olds (inclusive) and full time volunteers (aged under 26).

note 42

The Reimbursement Rate for the National Concessionary Travel bus scheme changed from 73.6% applicable 2006/07 to 2009/10, to 67% applicable 2010/11 to 2012/13, to 61% in 2013/14, to 58.1% in 2014/15, to 57.1% in 2015/16, to 56.9% in 2016/17 and 2017/18, to 56.8% in 2018/19, to 56.5% in 2019/20, to 55.9% in 2020/21.

note 43

A small charge was introduced for ferries in 2010.

note 44

Financial year end figures for 2019/20 impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic

note 45

Traveline Scotland went live for telephone calls on 3 January 2001. Its internet service became operational on 27 October 2002, and was formally launched on 16 December 2002, but statistics of its use are only available from the start of 2003.

note 46

The figures relate to the weeks which ended on Fridays which were in the specified calendar year - for example, the figures for "2003" cover the 52 weeks from the one ending on Friday 3 January 2003 to the week ending on Friday 26 December 2003, inclusive.

note 47

Categerisation of unanswered calls no longer takes place.

note 48

Daily averages are calculated by dividing the total for all the weeks ending in the year by the number of days in those weeks (e.g. 52 x 7 = 364). Therefore, they may differ slightly from the result that would be obtained if one divided by the actual number of days in the year (365 or 366).

note 49

HIts are the record of unique visits to the web site. The web site supplier changed on 1 January 2006 and the new supplier defined hits in a more robust way than the previous supplier so the figures for 2006 onwards are not on a like for like basis with previous years.

note 50

Total number of hits now includes visits to bus departure boards on the Traveline Scotland app Consists of 6,211.7 unique web visits and 1219.2 app departure board visits (thousands)

note 51

Unanswered calls figure has increased due to a massive surge in calls during March 2018 as a result of the "mini beast from the East"severe weather

note 52

Total number of hits for 2018 will be understated due to a server logging issue

note 53

The distance travelled is a calculation of the straight line between the postcode of place of residence and postcode of workplace.

note 54

Includes no fixed place of work, working on an offshore installation and working outside the UK.

note 55

Percentages for distance to place of work do not include those working mainly from home

note 56

Excludes people who live in communal establishments - values for number of cars in a household were imputed where this was missing

note 57

Percentages based on a denominator of 50 respondents or fewer are not shown.

note 58

Due to changes in the survey in response to covid-19, 2020 data is not directly comparable with previous years, so there is a break in the time series between 2019 and 2020

note 59

This table was not updated for 2020 as the survey had been suspended.

note 60

The estimates provided for 2021 should be treated with caution as the numbers are much smaller than pre-coronavirus pandemic years, especially the first six months of the year, resulting in some cases with larger confidence intervals. The data exclude Eurotunnel completely for 2021 and the Dover ferries until August 2021 as we were unable to interview at these sites.'

Table 11.10 Frequency of driving for people aged 17+: 2021 [note 1]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Types of driver	Every day	At least 3 times per week	Once or twice per week	At least 2 or 3 times per month	At least once per month	Less than once per month	Holds full licence, never drives	Total with a full driving licence	Doesn't have a full driving licence	Sample size (=100%)
	row percentages
All people aged 17+ in 2017:	33.9	23.4	12.5	1.6	0.6	1.1	4.4	77.5	22.5	8,990
by gender:
Man	36	24	13	1	1	1	4	80	20	3,860
Womn	32	23	12	2	1	1	5	75	25	5,100
Identified in another way	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	30
Refused	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	-
by age:
17-19	17	6	0	0	0	0	2	25	75	110
20-29	34	17	8	1	1	1	6	67	33	650
30-39	37	22	12	1	1	1	4	78	22	1,020
40-49	42	23	11	2	0	1	3	83	17	1,090
50-59	40	25	14	2	1	1	4	87	13	1,600
60-69	32	29	15	2	1	1	5	84	16	2,130
70-79	25	29	17	2	1	2	5	81	19	1,740
80+	15	24	17	2	0	2	7	67	33	650
by ethnicity:
White Scottish	36	23	12	1	0	1	4	78	22	6,470
White other British	29	29	18	2	1	1	6	86	14	1,800
White Irish	24	22	15	4	0	1	5	71	29	70
White Polish	33	13	8	0	0	2	10	65	35	60
White other	25	14	8	3	0	3	7	60	40	360
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British	29	12	8	1	0	0	3	54	46	120
All other ethnic groups combined	25	22	5	1	1	1	3	58	42	110
by religion:
None	33	24	12	2	1	1	5	77	23	4,510
Church of Scotland	36	26	13	1	0	2	4	82	18	2,150
Roman Catholic	36	19	11	1	0	1	5	73	27	1,020
Other Christian	36	25	14	2	1	1	4	82	18	1,120
Muslim	29	11	2	1	0	2	4	48	52	50
All other religions	26	15	14	1	1	3	5	65	35	130
by whether disabled:
Disabled	22	19	13	2	1	1	7	64	36	2,550
Not disabled	38	25	13	1	1	1	4	82	18	6,390
by current situation:
Self employed	50	21	11	1	1	1	5	90	10	460
Employed full - time	43	23	12	1	0	1	3	84	16	2,910
Employed part - time	36	28	8	1	0	1	4	78	22	840
Looking after the home or family	32	19	9	2	0	1	2	64	36	190
Permanently retired from work	25	29	17	2	1	1	5	81	19	3,800
Unemployed and seeking work	17	9	8	1	1	0	13	48	52	200
In further/higher education	22	12	6	1	1	1	6	50	50	180
Permanently sick or disabled	6	10	11	3	0	1	9	40	60	310
by annual net household income:
up to £15,000	21	16	10	1	1	1	9	60	40	1,500
over £15,000 - £20,000	28	20	11	1	1	1	7	68	32	1,140
over £20,000 - £25,000	29	24	14	1	0	1	5	75	25	1,210
over £25,000 - £30,000	36	22	12	2	0	2	5	79	21	960
over £30,000 - £40,000	39	23	13	2	0	1	3	82	18	1,430
over £40,000 - £50,000	41	26	11	1	1	1	2	83	17	940
over £50,000 p.a.	39	28	15	2	0	1	2	88	12	1,590
by equivalised income:
1 - lowest 20% of incomes	24	19	10	1	1	1	7	64	36	1,780
2	30	21	12	1	0	1	6	70	30	1,770
3	36	24	12	2	1	1	4	80	20	1,780
4	41	25	11	2	1	1	3	83	17	1,690
5 - highest 20% of incomes	38	28	16	2	0	1	3	89	11	1,750
by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation:
1 (20 % most deprived)	29	16	8	1	0	1	7	61	39	1,170
2	32	20	11	2	0	1	5	73	27	1,530
3	36	24	13	1	1	1	4	80	20	1,970
4	38	26	14	2	1	1	3	85	15	2,220
5 (20% least deprived)	34	29	15	2	1	1	3	86	14	2,090
by urban/rural:
Large urban areas	29	20	12	2	1	2	6	71	29	2,930
Other urban	37	22	13	1	0	1	4	78	22	2,660
Small accessible towns	39	27	12	2	0	1	3	85	15	850
Small remote towns	39	21	12	1	0	1	5	79	21	360
Accessible rural	39	31	13	2	0	1	2	88	12	1,200
Remote rural	36	30	14	2	1	1	3	86	14	990

Table 11.11 Frequency of Walking in the previous seven days (people aged 16+) 2021 [note 2] [note 3]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Category	none as means of transport	1-2 days as means of transport	3-5 days as means of transport	6-7 days as means of transport	one or more days as means of transport	Sample size(=100%)	none just for pleasure or to keep fit	1-2 days just for pleasure or to keep fit	3-5 days just for pleasure or to keep fit	6-7 days just for pleasure or to keep fit	one or more days just for pleasure or to keep fit	Sample size(=100%)2
	row percentages
All people in 2021:	32.8	24.4	26.7	16.0	67.2	8,990	25.7	22.1	26.0	26.1	74.3	8,970
by gender:
Men	32	25	26	17	68	3,850	25	22	26	26	75	3,840
Women	34	24	28	15	66	5,100	26	22	26	26	74	5,090
Identified in another way	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	30	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	30
Refused	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	-	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	[Note 57]	-
by age:
16-19	29	18	33	20	71	150	30	25	25	21	70	150
20-29	26	29	26	18	74	650	25	28	25	22	75	640
30-39	27	28	30	15	73	1,020	18	25	32	25	82	1,020
40-49	29	27	27	16	71	1,090	25	23	25	27	75	1,090
50-59	35	23	25	18	65	1,590	24	20	26	30	76	1,590
60-69	36	23	27	14	64	2,120	26	19	25	30	74	2,110
70-79	40	20	25	14	60	1,730	32	18	25	25	68	1,730
80+	58	16	16	11	42	640	50	15	17	18	50	640
by ethnicity:
White Scottish	33	24	26	16	67	6,480	27	22	25	26	73	6,470
White other British	34	25	26	15	66	1,800	23	21	28	29	77	1,790
White Irish	25	22	21	32	75	70	14	27	18	40	86	70
White Polish	30	19	36	14	70	60	18	21	38	23	82	60
White Other	23	26	29	22	77	360	22	27	27	25	78	360
Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British	34	28	30	9	66	120	33	26	25	16	67	110
All other ethnic groups	38	20	28	14	62	110	33	19	32	16	67	110
by religion:
None	30	25	27	18	70	4,520	24	22	27	27	76	4,500
Church of Scotland	37	24	25	14	63	2,140	23	21	28	29	77	2,140
Roman Catholic	34	24	26	15	66	1,020	28	25	24	23	72	1,020
Other Christian	37	24	26	12	63	1,120	27	24	25	24	73	1,120
Muslim	33	17	37	13	67	50	34	10	45	11	66	50
All other religions	30	25	29	16	70	130	27	22	23	28	73	130
by current situation:
Self employed	31	20	28	21	69	460	20	23	27	31	80	460
Employed full time	29	28	27	16	71	2,900	21	25	27	27	79	2,900
Employed part time	26	24	35	15	74	830	21	20	30	29	79	830
Looking after the home/family	29	19	34	17	71	190	22	24	28	26	78	190
Permanently retired from work	41	21	24	14	59	3,780	31	17	24	28	69	3,770
Unemployed/seeking work	22	26	29	23	78	200	23	22	33	22	77	200
In further/higher education	28	29	29	14	72	190	33	29	23	15	67	190
Permanently sick or disabled	41	21	24	14	59	310	65	15	8	12	35	310
by disability status:
Disabled	48	21	20	11	52	2,540	45	17	19	19	55	2,530
Not disabled	28	25	29	18	72	6,410	20	24	28	29	80	6,400
by annual net household income:
up to £10,000 p.a.	33	22	28	17	67	590	32	20	23	25	j	590
over £10,000 - £15,000	37	25	23	15	63	900	37	21	22	21	63	900
over £15,000 - £20,000	38	21	25	17	62	1,140	32	21	22	25	68	1,130
over £20,000 - £25,000	39	21	27	13	61	1,210	31	19	26	23	69	1,210
over £25,000 - £30,000	33	23	25	19	67	960	27	21	25	27	73	960
over £30,000 - £40,000	35	26	27	12	65	1,430	26	22	27	26	74	1,430
over £40,000 - £50,000	30	28	26	16	70	940	21	25	27	26	79	940
over £50,000 p.a.	27	26	28	19	73	1,610	17	24	29	30	83	1,610
by equivalised income:
1 - 20% lowest incomes	35	21	29	15	65	1,810	31	20	27	23	69	1,800
2	34	25	26	16	66	1,830	31	23	23	23	69	1,830
3	35	23	27	14	65	1,820	26	21	26	26	74	1,820
4	33	26	25	16	67	1,700	23	24	26	27	77	1,700
5- 20% highest incomes	28	26	27	18	72	1,830	19	22	28	30	81	1,830
by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation:
1 (20% most deprived)	33	23	27	16	67	1,170	38	22	20	20	62	1,160
2	34	26	25	15	66	1,530	28	23	27	23	72	1,520
3	33	26	25	17	67	1,980	25	22	26	27	75	1,970
4	35	23	27	15	65	2,220	21	23	28	29	79	2,220
5 (20% least deprived)	29	25	29	17	71	2,090	18	22	29	30	82	2,090
by urban/rural classification:
Large urban areas	27	24	30	19	73	2,930	26	23	25	25	74	2,920
Other urban	34	25	26	14	66	2,650	28	22	25	26	72	2,650
Small accessible towns	33	23	30	13	67	850	22	21	31	25	78	850
Small remote towns	26	34	22	17	74	360	28	23	25	25	72	360
Accessible rural	43	22	23	12	57	1,210	21	21	29	29	79	1,210
Remote rural	43	25	16	15	57	990	26	20	24	31	74	990
by frequency of driving [note 1]
every day	38	23	23	16	62	2,880	21	23	25	30	79	2,890
at least three times a week	31	27	28	13	69	2,320	20	22	30	27	80	2,310
once or twice a week	32	28	27	13	68	1,300	24	22	29	25	76	1,300
less often	25	26	25	23	75	320	24	20	25	31	76	320
Never, but holds full driving licence	26	23	30	21	74	460	31	21	26	22	69	460

Table 11.12 Frequency of Driving for people aged 17+ [note 1] [note 4]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Frequency of driving	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020 [Note 58]	2021
	column percentages
Every Day	40.7	42.0	41.9	40.9	40.9	42.2	41.9	41.4	43.0	21.0	33.9
Per Week:
At least 3 times	13.3	13.1	13.3	13.9	14.5	14.3	14.7	15.3	15.0	20.0	23.4
Once or twice	6.2	6.0	5.6	5.9	5.9	6.0	6.1	6.0	6.4	24.0	12.5
Per Month:
At least 2 or 3 times	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	4.0	1.6
At least once	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.6
Less than once	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.1	2.0	1.1
Holds full driving licence, never drives	4.1	4.5	4.5	4.3	4.0	3.4	4.0	4.2	4.4	6.0	4.4
Total with a full driving licence	67.3	68.3	68.4	68.5	68.0	69.0	69.5	69.5	71.2	79.0	77.5
Doesn't have a full driving licence	32.7	31.7	31.6	31.5	32.0	31.0	30.5	30.5	28.8	21.0	22.5
Sample size (=100%)	12,801	9,828	9,838	9,720	9,340	9,570	9,760	9,650	9,720	2,770	8,990

Table 11.13 Frequency of Walking in the previous seven days (people aged 16+) [note 2] [note 5]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Number of days	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2014	2016	2019	2021
As means of transport	column percentages
None	46	46	48	48	41	38	37	34	33	31	34	33
1-2 days	15	16	18	17	18	19	19	20	19	19	18	24
3-5 days	22	21	20	22	22	24	24	23	26	26	27	27
6-7 days	17	17	14	14	19	19	20	23	22	23	22	16
1+ days	54	54	52	53	59	62	63	66	67	69	67	67
Sample size (=100%)	6,992	7,111	6,116	6,197	6,137	6,178	6,381	9,841	9,735	9,580	9,610	8,990
Just for pleasure or to keep fit [note 6]
None	54	53	53	55	52	49	46	45	42	39	38	26
1-2 days	17	17	18	18	19	18	19	19	20	20	19	22
3-5 days	14	14	14	13	13	17	17	17	18	20	19	26
6-7 days	15	16	16	14	16	17	19	19	20	21	24	26
1+ days	46	47	47	45	48	51	54	55	58	61	62	74
Sample size (=100%)	6,993	7,111	6,121	6,209	6,119	6,136	6,372	9,805	9,687	9,580	9,610	8,990

Table 11.14 Usual means of travel to usual place of work (in Autumn). This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Transport Statistics Great Britain

Type of vehicle	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
	percentage
Car,van,minibus,works van	68	68	69	69	70	71	70	70	70	68	68
Bicycle	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	2	3	3
Bus,coach.private bus	12	11	11	11	10	9	9	9	9	8	8
Rail (inc Underground)	4	4	5	4	5	5	5	5	5	4	5
Walk	12	12	13	12	11	11	11	11	11	14	14
Other (inc taxi)	2	2	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1
All	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100

Table 11.15(a) Usual time taken to travel to usual place of work (in Autumn) [Note 7]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Transport Statistics Great Britain

Type of vehicle	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
	minutes
Car,van,minibus,works van	22	22	22	22	23	20	23	20	22	21
Bicycle	14	14	15	15	18	15	14	16	15	16
Bus,coach.private bus	31	33	32	32	32	33	34	33	32	32
Rail (inc Underground)	58	42	55	53	52	47	46	48	46	49
Walk	11	12	12	12	12	11	12	12	12	13
Other (inc taxi)	34	33	45	33	47	42	46	25	36	40
All	22	23	23	23	24	22	24	21	23	22

Table 11.15(b) Usual time taken to travel to usual place of work (in Autumn) [note 9] [note 10] [note 11]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Sourc Oct-Dec, Office for National Statistics (ONS) Labour Force Survey.

Type of vehicle	2011 [note 10]	2012 [note 10]	2013 [note 10]	2014 [note 10]	2015 [note 10]	2016 [note 10]	2017 [note 10]	2018 [note 10]	2019 [note 10]	2020 [note 10]	2021 [note 10]
	minutes
Car	23	24	25	24	24	25	24	25	25	23	22
Motorcycle	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]	[note 8]
Bicycle	20	18	22	23	22	26	20	22	23	22	24
Bus/coach	35	39	37	38	37	37	39	35	36	44	43
Rail	51	59	56	49	51	50	54	51	50	53	51
Walk	13	15	14	14	14	16	13	16	15	17	15
Other [note 12]	47	89	77	74	98	49	79	63	51	60	56
All	25	26	27	26	27	26	27	26	26	26	24

Table 11.16 Usual means of travel to work [Note 13] (in Spring). This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Census travel to work figures

Year	Train (including underground)	Bus	Car	Motorcycle	Pedal cycle	Foot [Note 15]	Other [Note 16] (e.g. taxi)	Total of these
	percentage
1966	4	43	21	1	2	24	5	100
1971	3	35	29	[Note 14]	2	24	6	100
1981	3	25	46	1	1	20	3	100
1991	3	18	59	1	1	15	3	100
2001	4	12	68	[Note 14]	2	12	2	100
2011	5	11	69	[Note 14]	2	11	2	100

Table 11.17 Employed [Note 17] adults (16+) - place of work: 2021 [Note 58]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Employment type	Works from home	Does not work from home	Sample size (=100%)
	row percentages
All employed adults	40	60	4,210
Self - employed	76	24	460
Employed full - time	38	62	2,910
Employed part - time	28	72	840

Note: The Scottish Household Survey Travel Diary asks car drivers whether their journey was delayed by congestion. Those making bus journeys are asked whether their journey was delayed and there is a separate question asking the reason. The data on reason for delay is included in the SHS Travel Diary publication. 1. For drivers 3 years data are combined, whereas in previous years just one year's data was given. There was little change over the years, and combining gives fewer suppressed values.

Table 11.18 Employed [Note 17] adults (16+) not working from home - usual method of travel to work: 2021. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Category	Walking	Driver	Car or van passenger	All	Bicycle	Bus	Rail [Note 18]	Other [Note 19]	Sample size (=100%)	% Public / Active (Former National Indicator)
										row percentages
All people aged 16+:	12.1	68.0	2.9	70.9	4.3	6.8	4.1	1.9	2,490	27.3
By gender:
Men	11	69	2	71	5	6	5	2	1,080	27
Women	14	67	4	71	3	7	3	2	1,400	27
Identified in another way	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	10	[Note 20]
Refused	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	-	[Note 20]
by age:
16 - 19	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	[Note 20]	20	[Note 20]
20 - 29	14	66	2	69	4	7	5	1	310	30
30 - 39	12	67	2	69	6	8	4	1	500	30
40 - 49	10	70	3	72	6	5	4	1	540	26
50 - 59	11	70	4	73	3	6	3	4	710	23
60 and over	11	71	5	76	2	8	1	1	410	23
by whether disabled:
Disabled	13	65	5	70	3	8	4	2	390	28
Not disabled	12	69	3	71	5	7	4	2	2,090	27
by current situation:
Self employed	10	80	2	82	0	4	2	2	100	17
Employed full time	10	69	3	72	5	6	4	2	1,800	26
Employed part time	19	61	3	64	4	9	4	1	580	35
by annual net household income:
up to £15,000 p.a.	22	46	7	53	5	18	3	0	180	47
over £15,000 - £20,000	14	63	4	67	1	11	6	1	250	32
over £20,000 - £25,000	11	67	4	71	4	10	3	2	300	27
over £25,000 - £30,000	11	71	2	74	4	7	4	1	250	25
over £30,000 - £40,000	13	69	3	72	3	8	2	2	470	26
over £40,000 - £50,000	11	70	3	73	7	3	4	2	370	25
over £50,000 - £60,000	10	74	1	75	4	6	5	1	290	24
over £60,000 p.a.	11	70	2	72	6	1	6	4	370	24
by equivalised income:
1 - 20% lowest incomes	18	57	2	60	4	13	3	1	250	39
2	15	60	5	66	3	10	4	2	410	33
3	11	71	2	73	3	9	2	1	550	26
4	10	71	3	73	5	5	5	2	630	24
5- 20% highest incomes	11	71	3	74	5	3	6	2	660	24
by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation:
1 (20 % most deprived)	9	63	5	68	3	12	5	1	370	30
2	15	61	5	66	4	9	5	1	470	33
3	13	73	2	75	3	4	3	2	530	23
4	11	72	1	73	5	6	3	2	620	25
5 (20% least deprived)	12	70	2	71	6	3	5	2	510	26
by urban/rural classification:
Large urban areas	15	57	3	60	7	11	5	1	840	39
Other urban	11	71	4	76	3	4	5	2	720	22
Small accessible towns	9	76	2	79	2	5	2	3	240	18
Small remote towns	20	74	1	75	3	0	0	2	120	23
Accessible rural	8	82	2	84	2	3	2	2	300	14
Remote rural	13	76	1	77	3	4	2	2	260	21
by number of cars:
none	34	2	6	8	11	32	11	3	300	89
one	14	66	3	69	6	5	4	2	1,210	29
two +	5	86	2	87	1	2	2	2	980	11
Household type
Single adult	13	60	3	63	6	11	5	2	620	35
Small adult	12	64	4	68	6	8	6	1	570	31
Single parent	13	72	3	75	1	5	5	1	120	24
Small family	10	72	2	74	5	5	6	1	420	25
Large family	18	69	2	71	4	5	2	1	140	28
Large adult	10	74	3	77	2	6	1	4	250	20
Older smaller	13	71	4	75	2	7	1	1	370	23

Table 11.19 Usual main method of travel to school [Note 22] : 2021. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Category	Walking	Car or Van	Bicycle	School Bus [Note 23]	Service Bus	All buses	Rail [Note 24]	Other [Note 19]	Sample size (=100%)
								row percentages
All children in full-time education, 2007	54.4	22.0	1.9	15.6	3.8	19.4	1.0	1.3	1,380
By gender:
Man/Boy	65	25	3	17	4	21	1	2	700
Woman/Girl	42	18	1	14	4	18	1	0	670
Identified in another way	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	10
Refused	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	[Note 21]	-
by age:
4 to 11	65	25	3	5	1	6	1	0	730
12 to 18	42	18	1	28	8	36	2	2	650
by annual net household income:
up to £20,000	58	12	1	21	7	28	1	1	140
£20,000 - £30,000	54	21	1	14	7	21	0	3	230
£30,000 - £40,000	51	27	3	13	3	16	0	2	220
£40,000 - £50,000	53	24	2	18	2	19	0	1	220
£50,000 - £60,000	63	20	4	10	1	11	1	1	200
over £60,000 p.a.	51	24	1	18	3	21	3	0	340
by equivalised income:
1 (20% lowest incomes)	53	17	2	18	7	25	1	2	240
2	51	26	1	15	4	19	0	3	300
3	61	21	2	13	3	15	0	0	280
4	56	20	2	19	1	20	1	1	300
5 (20% highest incomes)	51	29	2	13	2	15	3	0	240
by Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation:
1 (20% most deprived)	58	19	2	11	7	18	0	2	169
2	57	22	1	12	6	18	1	1	229
3	43	23	4	24	2	26	2	1	270
4	52	20	1	21	3	25	1	1	355
5 (20% least deprived)	62	26	2	9	1	9	1	0	355
by urban/rural classification:
Large urban areas	60	23	2	7	7	14	0	2	420
Other urban	58	25	3	8	3	11	1	1	430
Accessible small towns	58	17	3	21	1	22	1	0	130
Remote small towns	64	20	0	15	0	15	0	0	50
Accessible rural	42	17	1	33	3	36	1	2	210
Remote rural	26	20	0	50	2	52	2	0	150
by number of cars:
None	70	1	2	12	11	23	1	3	120
One	57	23	2	11	5	16	0	1	550
Two +	49	26	1	20	1	21	1	1	710
Household type:
Single parent	62	23	1	9	4	13	0	1	220
Small family	58	21	2	14	3	17	1	1	680
Large family	48	24	3	19	4	23	0	2	340
Large adult	39	20	1	27	10	37	4	0	110

Table 11.21 Employed [Note 17] adults (16+) - place of work. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Employment status	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020 [Note 58]	2021
											column percentages
Works from home	10.6	13.2	13.3	13.1	14.1	14.5	14.2	16.0	16.1	52.6	39.7
Does not work from home	89.4	86.8	86.7	86.8	85.9	85.5	85.8	84.0	83.9	47.4	60.3
All employed adults	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Sample size (100%)	6,189	4,734	4,848	4,810	4,670	4,720	4,820	4,720	4,890	1,330	4,210

Table 11.22 Employed [Note 25] adults (16+) not working from home - usual method of travel to work. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Method of travel	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020 [Note 58]	2021
											column percentages
Walking	12.9	13.6	12.9	12.9	13.6	12.3	12.0	11.8	12.0	11.9	12.1
Car or van
Driver	59.1	61.4	60.6	61.6	60.3	61.7	62.3	62.9	63.1	67.4	68
Passenger	7.5	6.0	5.6	6.0	5.6	6.3	5.4	4.8	5.1	4.6	2.9
All	66.6	67.3	66.2	67.6	65.9	68.0	67.7	67.7	68.2	72	70.9
Bicycle	2.0	2.0	2.5	2.6	2.2	2.6	3.0	2.8	2.7	2.2	4.3
Bus	12.0	10.1	11.3	10.2	11.2	10.4	9.8	10.1	9.6	7.8	6.8
Rail [Note 24]	3.9	4.3	4.0	4.2	4.4	5.2	5.1	5.5	5.4	3.1	4.1
Other [Note 19]	2.6	2.6	3.1	2.5	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.9	1.9
Sample size (100%)	5,508	4,103	4,157	4,130	3,950	3,970	4,070	3,910	4,050	1,230	2,490

Table 11.23 Usual main method of travel to school [Note 22]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Household Survey

Method of travel	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020 [Note 58]	2021
											column percentages
Walking	50.6	51.4	51.7	51.2	48.8	51.8	51.5	52.3	51.8	47.7	54.4
Car or van	23.4	24.1	24.4	24.5	25.8	25.6	25.5	24.2	25.1	26.1	22
Bicycle	1.4	0.8	1.2	1.7	1.2	1.4	0.9	1.9	1.9	2.1	1.9
Bus
School [Note 26]	15.1	14.9	14.5	14.5	15.3	12.9	14.2	13.9	14.3	16.7	15.6
Service	6.6	6.2	5.4	5.8	5.7	6.4	5.6	5.1	5.0	4.0	3.8
All	21.7	21.1	19.9	20.3	20.9	19.3	19.8	19.0	19.3	20.7	19.4
Rail [Note 24]	0.7	0.4	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.3	1.3	1
Other [Note 19]	2.2	2.2	2.2	1.7	2.1	1.5	1.7	2.0	1.7	2	1.3
Sample size (100%)	2,715	1,923	1,975	1,980	1,880	1,890	1,830	1,720	1,920	420	1,380

Table 11.23a Usual main method of travel to school - Hands Up Scotland Survey [Note 27]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Hands Up Scotland Survey - Not National Statistics

Method of travel	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
											column percentages
Walk	45.9	45.1	44.1	44.2	43.3	42.8	42.3	42.5	41.0	44.8	43.6
Cycle	3.0	2.9	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.8	4.1	3.8	4.0
Scooter/Skate	1.0	1.6	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.4	2.7	2.6	2.7
Park & Stride	7.5	7.8	7.5	7.8	7.8	9.3	9.7	9.8	10.2	9.9	9.9
Driven	22.4	22.2	21.4	21.9	22.4	22.3	22.8	23.1	23.8	22.8	23.2
Bus	18.2	18.2	18.8	17.7	17.9	16.6	16.5	16.2	16.0	14.1	14.5
Taxi	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.7	1.7	1.5	1.5
Other	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.6
Sample size (100%)	427,104	457,488	467,397	487,147	480,161	458,145	473,160	468,537	472,617	405,917	418,147

Table 11.24 Scottish residents' visits abroad by means of leaving the UK [Note 60] and purpose of visit, 2021. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Office for National Statistics

Means of leaving the UK	Package Holiday	Other Holiday	Business	Visiting Friends or Relatives	Miscellaneous and Other Purposes	Total all visits
						thousands
Air
Edinburgh	95	162	27	179	19	482
Glasgow	72	88	12	56	6	234
Prestwick [Note 31]						0
Aberdeen	3	5	14	1	1	23
Total Edinburgh, Glasgow, Prestwick & Aberdeen	169	255	53	236	25	738
Heathrow	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Gatwick	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Stanstead	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Manchester	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Newcastle	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Birmingham	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Airports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Total Air	200	306	73	318	35	932
Channel Tunnel	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Sea
English Channel Ports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
English East Coast Ports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Ports [Note 29]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Total Sea	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	23
Total All Means of Leaving the UK	202	314	79	334	36	965

Table 11.25 Scottish residents' visits abroad by means of leaving the UK [Note 28] [Note 60] and area visited, 2021. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Office for National Statistics

Means of leaving the UK	EU	Other Europe	Canada and USA	Australia and New Zealand	Asia	Rest of the world	Total
							thousands
Air
Edinburgh	254	2	9	2	10	205	482
Glasgow	78		2	3	29	121	234
Prestwick [Note 30]							0
Aberdeen	14				1	9	23
Total	345	2	11	5	40	335	738
Heathrow	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Gatwick	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Stanstead	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Manchester	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Newcastle	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Birmingham	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Airports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Total Air	421	4	31	8	61	407	932
Channel Tunnel	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Sea
English Channel Ports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
English East Coast Ports	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Ports[Note 29]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]
Total Sea	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	[Not available]	23
Total All Means of Leaving the UK	449	5	31	8	61	411	965

Table 11.26 Scottish residents' visits abroad, by means of leaving the UK [Note 31] [Note 32] purpose of visit, and area visited. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Office for National Statistics

Means of leaving the UK and purpose of visit	1995	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020 [Note 59]	2021 [Note 60]
													thousands
All visits abroad by Scots	2,535	4,042	4,098	4,137	4,096	4,499	4,572	4,754	5,135	5,540	5,807	[Not available]	965
by means of leaving the UK
Air Total	2,132	3,740	3,845	3,925	3,868	4,222	4,343	4,525	4,881	5,284	5,544	[Not available]	932
Edinburgh	177	1,156	1,261	1,238	1,357	1,431	1,579	1,828	2,206	2,514	2,678	[Not available]	482
Glasgow	1,145	1,137	1,159	1,234	1,016	1,247	1,289	1,399	1,558	1,596	1,624	[Not available]	234
Prestwick [Note 30]	..	441	445	393	411	348	285	33	0	0	0	[Not available]	0
Aberdeen	..	206	220	256	256	303	294	308	314	295	259	[Not available]	23
Total these airports	1,322	2,940	3,085	3,121	3,040	3,328	3,448	3,568	4,078	4,405	4,561	[Not available]	738
Heathrow	366	116	103	111	103	83	81	87	61	101	108	[Not available]	[Not available]
Gatwick	128	148	177	227	155	171	212	203	179	149	135	[Not available]	[Not available]
Stanstead	9	57	46	45	32	38	63	81	59	40	79	[Not available]	[Not available]
Manchester	162	138	133	141	173	231	200	183	172	246	227	[Not available]	[Not available]
Newcastle	..	122	86	94	83	94	71	91	85	125	104	[Not available]	[Not available]
Birmingham	..	21	15	18	21	28	24	19	21	23	18	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Airports	145	198	200	168	261	247	245	292	225	195	312	[Not available]	[Not available]
Channel Tunnel	25	97	73	80	75	80	82	72	95	71	89	[Not available]	[Not available]
Sea Total	378	205	181	133	154	197	147	157	159	185	174	[Not available]	23
English Channel Ports	310	130	120	84	117	126	88	78	66	88	105	[Not available]	[Not available]
English East Coast Ports	68	42	54	44	33	67	57	73	64	76	65	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other UK Ports	0	33	6	5	4	4	2	6	28	20	3	[Not available]	[Not available]
by purpose of visit
Package holiday	1,306	1,265	1,205	1,281	1,205	1,391	1,506	1,562	1,650	1,729	2,247	[Not available]	202
Other holiday	640	1,493	1,484	1,469	1,513	1,644	1,613	1,553	1,655	1,804	1,742	[Not available]	314
Business	286	501	547	492	464	540	487	493	513	504	505	[Not available]	79
Visit friends / relatives	215	701	791	786	834	844	895	1,081	1,265	1,451	1,205	[Not available]	334
Misc. and other	87	81	71	110	80	79	71	64	51	52	108	[Not available]	36
by area visited
EU	1,993	1,741	1,854	1,904	1,874	2,009	1,968	2,124	2,400	2,562	2,756	[Not available]	449
Other Europe	11	6	16	6	16	12	4	11	18	6	27	[Not available]	5
North America	322	389	327	342	315	374	367	458	423	494	429	[Not available]	31
Australia & New Zealand	21	55	75	61	69	83	94	68	94	97	115	[Not available]	8
Asia	48	222	178	181	212	262	190	258	288	382	392	[Not available]	61
Rest of the World	139	1,628	1,648	1,642	1,612	1,759	1,950	1,836	1,911	1,999	2,088	[Not available]	411
by means of leaving the UK and main purposes of visits
Edinburgh, Glasgow, Prestwick & Aberdeen
Package holiday	866	918	897	1,023	903	1,051	1,184	1,244	1,390	1,394	1,896	[Not available]	169
Other holiday	276	1,049	1,084	1,054	1,105	1,169	1,165	1,108	1,203	1,320	1,224	[Not available]	255
Business	75	337	407	365	300	374	359	352	401	397	400	[Not available]	53
Visit friends / relatives	92	580	648	629	683	682	713	828	1,054	1,256	970	[Not available]	236
Other UK airport
Package holiday	280	1,159	1,121	1,246	1,148	1,328	1,449	1,502	1,601	1,696	2,191	[Not available]	200
Other holiday	237	1,374	1,370	1,360	1,405	1,502	1,506	1,473	1,536	1,643	1,604	[Not available]	306
Business	167	442	522	469	437	504	465	450	479	470	481	[Not available]	73
Visit friends / relatives	100	686	765	757	806	817	857	1,040	1,219	1,429	1,167	[Not available]	318
Sea or Channel Tunnel
Package holiday	161	89	73	23	50	58	44	53	34	33	32	[Not available]	[Not available]
Other holiday	128	85	74	69	63	99	64	58	66	116	95	[Not available]	[Not available]
Business	44	18	14	15	18	13	13	15	21	19	17	[Not available]	[Not available]
Visit friends / relatives	23	12	16	18	14	20	24	29	35	14	23	[Not available]	[Not available]
by main purposes of visit and area visited
Package holiday
EU	1,135	360	398	380	347	433	419	468	559	525	850	[Not available]	47
Elsewhere	171	904	807	901	858	959	1,087	1,094	1,091	1,204	1,396	[Not available]	155
Other holiday
EU	465	634	651	709	727	790	734	725	854	951	893	[Not available]	127
Elsewhere	175	859	833	760	786	854	879	827	800	853	850	[Not available]	187
Business
EU	212	316	334	304	300	328	275	305	286	339	323	[Not available]	51
Elsewhere	74	185	213	188	164	212	212	188	226	165	183	[Not available]	29
Visit friends / relatives
EU	106	380	428	449	457	415	513	582	676	735	628	[Not available]	202
Elsewhere	109	321	363	337	377	429	382	499	589	716	577	[Not available]	132

Table 11.27a Transport Model for Scotland: inter-zonal [Note 33] trips made on an average weekday - within Scotland: circa 2018 [Note 37]. Source: Transport Scotland (Transport Model for Scotland:18) - Not National Statistics

People: by car, bus or train	Destination
Origin	Clydeplan [Note 34]	SESplan [Note 35]	TAYplan [Note 36]	Aberdeen City & Shire	Dumfries & Galloway	Ayrshire	Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	Elsewhere in Scotland	Rest of UK	Total
										thousands
Clydeplan [Note 34]	2,199	54	5	2	3	55	42	17	10	2,388
SESplan[Note 35]	62	1,497	35	2	2	3	46	4	18	1,671
TAYplan [Note 36]	5	33	402	9	0	0	7	2	1	461
Aberdeen City & Shire	2	3	12	541	0	0	1	8	1	569
Dumfries & Galloway	3	2	0	0	116	3	0	0	5	130
Ayrshire	58	3	1	0	3	297	1	1	1	365
Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	43	40	7	1	0	1	241	1	1	336
Elsewhere in Scotland	18	4	2	9	0	1	1	353	2	392
Rest of UK	8	18	1	1	6	1	1	2	0	39
Total	2,401	1,654	465	566	130	361	342	390	41	6,350

Table 11.27b Transport Model for Scotland: inter-zonal [Note 33] trips made on an average weekday - within Scotland: circa 2018 [Note 37]. Source: Transport Scotland (Transport Model for Scotland:18) - Not National Statistics

(b) People: by car	Destination
Origin	Clydeplan [Note 34]	SESplan [Note 35]	TAYplan [Note 36]	Aberdeen City & Shire	Dumfries & Galloway	Ayrshire	Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	Elsewhere in Scotland	Rest of UK	Total
										thousands
Clydeplan [Note 34]	1,830	43	4	1	3	46	38	14	5	1,985
SESplan[Note 35]	51	1,243	32	2	2	2	41	3	10	1,385
TAYplan [Note 36]	4	30	358	9	0	0	7	2	1	411
Aberdeen City & Shire	2	2	11	497	0	0	1	7	1	521
Dumfries & Galloway	3	2	0	0	106	3	0	0	5	120
Ayrshire	50	2	1	0	3	265	1	1	1	323
Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	39	35	6	1	0	1	216	1	1	300
Elsewhere in Scotland	16	3	2	9	0	1	1	328	2	361
Rest of UK	4	10	1	1	5	0	1	2	0	24
Total	1,999	1,370	415	519	119	319	305	359	25	5,429

Table 11.27c Transport Model for Scotland: inter-zonal [Note 33] trips made on an average weekday - within Scotland: circa 2018 [Note 37]. Source: Transport Scotland (Transport Model for Scotland:18) - Not National Statistics

(c) People: by bus or train	Destination
Origin	Clydeplan [Note 34]	SESplan [Note 35]	TAYplan [Note 36]	Aberdeen City & Shire	Dumfries & Galloway	Ayrshire	Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	Elsewhere in Scotland	Rest of UK	Total
										thousands
Clydeplan [Note 34]	369	12	1	0	0	9	5	3	4	404
SESplan[Note 35]	12	254	4	1	0	1	5	1	9	286
TAYplan [Note 36]	1	3	44	1	0	0	0	0	0	50
Aberdeen City & Shire	0	1	1	44	0	0	0	1	0	48
Dumfries & Galloway	0	0	0	0	9	0	0	0	1	11
Ayrshire	8	1	0	0	0	32	0	0	0	42
Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	4	5	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	36
Elsewhere in Scotland	3	1	0	1	0	0	0	26	0	31
Rest of UK	4	8	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	15
Total	402	285	50	48	11	42	36	31	16	921

Table 11.27d Transport Model for Scotland: inter-zonal [Note 33] trips made on an average weekday - within Scotland: circa 2018 [Note 37]. Source: Transport Scotland (Transport Model for Scotland:18) - Not National Statistics

(d) Vehicle trips: cars and goods vehicles only	Destination
Origin	Clydeplan [Note 34]	SESplan [Note 35]	TAYplan [Note 36]	Aberdeen City & Shire	Dumfries & Galloway	Ayrshire	Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	Elsewhere in Scotland	Rest of UK	Total
										thousands
Clydeplan [Note 34]	1,562	47	4	2	3	52	34	12	7	1,723
SESplan[Note 35]	50	1,124	27	2	2	4	37	3	11	1,261
TAYplan [Note 36]	5	26	277	8	0	0	6	2	1	325
Aberdeen City & Shire	3	3	10	403	0	0	0	8	1	428
Dumfries & Galloway	3	2	0	0	97	3	0	0	5	111
Ayrshire	44	3	1	0	2	228	1	1	1	281
Stirling, Falkirk & Clacks	36	33	5	0	0	2	217	1	1	295
Elsewhere in Scotland	13	2	2	8	0	1	1	249	2	279
Rest of UK	6	11	1	1	5	1	1	2	0	28
Total	1,721	1,253	328	423	111	291	298	278	29	4,731

Table 11.29 Passenger journeys made under concessionary fare schemes. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Transport Scotland & Strathclyde Partnership for Transport - Not National Statistics

Type of concessionary journey	2011-12	2012-13	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16	2016-17	2017-18	2018-19	2019-20 7	2020-2021	2021-2022
(a) all journeys made under concessionary fare schemes [Note 38]
Strathclyde Concessionary Travel scheme											millions
Buses [Note 39]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Rail	3.37	3.19	3.17	3.37	3.36	3.42	3.51	3.52	3.52	0.57	1.81
Underground	0.71	0.70	0.77	0.82	0.81	0.72	0.85	0.91	0.90	0.2	0.51
Ferries	0.63	0.65	0.64	0.67	0.65	0.68	0.65	0.67	0.67	0.24	0.50
Taxis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Others	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	4.71	4.54	4.58	4.86	4.82	4.82	5.01	5.10	5.09	1.01	2.82
Other concessionary fare schemes3
Buses [Note 39] [Note 41] [Note 42] (i.e. the National schemes)	149.68	146.28	148.64	148.27	146.52	145.62	142.33	145.12	140.7	48.65	88.19
Rail	0.88	1.04	1.46	2.13	2.31	2.34	1.93	1.87	1.85	0.17	0.70
Underground	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Ferries [Note 43]	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.02	0.04
Taxis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Others	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	150.61	147.38	150.16	150.46	148.89	148.02	144.32	147.05	142.61	48.84	88.93
All concessionary fare schemes [Note 40]
Buses [Note 39] [Note 41] [Note 42]	149.68	146.28	148.64	148.27	146.52	145.62	142.33	145.12	140.70	48.65	88.19
Rail	4.25	4.23	4.63	5.50	5.67	5.76	5.44	5.39	5.37	0.74	2.51
Underground	0.71	0.70	0.77	0.82	0.81	0.72	0.85	0.91	0.90	0.20	0.51
Ferries	0.68	0.71	0.70	0.73	0.71	0.74	0.71	0.73	0.73	0.26	0.54
Taxis	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Others	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	155.32	151.92	154.74	155.32	153.71	152.84	149.33	152.15	147.70	49.85	91.75
(b) of which: journeys which were made free of charge to the traveller1
Strathclyde Concessionary Travel scheme
Buses [Note 39]	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Rail	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Ferries [Note 43]	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Other concessionary fare schemes
Buses [Note 39] [Note 41] [Note 42] (i.e. the National schemes)	148.09	144.54	146.87	146.75	145.31	144.71	141.75	144.63	140.4	48.6	88.1
Rail	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Ferries	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.02	0.04
Other	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	148.14	144.60	146.93	146.81	145.37	144.77	141.81	144.69	140.45	48.62	88.14
All concessionary fare schemes
Buses [Note 39] [Note 41] [Note 42]	148.09	144.54	146.87	146.75	145.31	144.71	141.75	144.63	140.40	48.60	88.10
Rail	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Ferries	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.02	0.04
Other	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	148.14	144.60	146.93	146.81	145.37	144.77	141.81	144.69	140.45	48.62	88.14

Table 11.30 Traveline Scotland: telephone calls and web site hits [Note 45]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Transport Scotland - Not National Statistics

Calls answered	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Weeks included in year [Note 46]
Telephone calls	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	53	52
Web site	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52	52
											thousands
Calls answered	503.9	399.8	331.7	286.7	219.9	214.1	166.0	157.0	106.1	54.05	89.7
Calls unanswered
Ring tone, no reply [Note 47]	0.4	0.7	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Engaged tone [Note 47]	0.0	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other [Note 47]	0.3	2.5	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total unanswered [Note 51]	0.7	3.2	6.5	8.5	2.6	10.0	13.0	26.0	2	1.2	2
Total number of calls	507.1	403.0	338.2	295.2	222.5	224.1	179.0	183.0	108.1	55.2	91.7
											percentages
Percentage answered	99.4	99.2	98.1	97.1	98.8	95.5	92.7	85.8	98.1	97.9	97.8
											numbers
Daily average answered [Note 48]	1,384	1,098	911	788	604	588	456	431	291	146	246
											seconds
Answered calls: av. duration	161.5	178.3	180.0	182.0	190	195	205	184	179	182	175
											thousands
Total number of hits [Note 49] [Note 50] [Note 52]	7,430.9	10,166.9	11,532.4	12,636.1	20,080.9	29,000.0	35,069.4	33,152.8	31,838.6	18,779.8	25,325.2
											numbers
Daily average hits [Note 48]	20,415	27,931	31,682	34,715	55,167	79,670	96,345	91,079	87,469	51,593	69,575

Table 11.31 Employed adults (16-74) distance to place of work: 2011 [Note 53] [Note 55]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Census 2011, National Records of Scotland

		Excluding those working mainly from home
All Adults	Work mainly at or from home	Less than 2km	2 km to less than 5 km	5 km to less than 10 km	10 km to less than 20 km	20 km to less than 30 km	30 km to less than 40 km	40 km to less than 60 km	60 km and over	Other [Note 54]	Total Number (=100%)
										row percentages
All	10.8	14.7	21.6	19.2	17.0	7.2	3.3	2.5	2.3	12.3	2,400,925

Table 11.32 Employed adults (16-74) mode of transport to place of work: 2011 [Note 53][Note 54] [Note 55]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Census 2011, National Records of Scotland

		Excluding those working mainly from home
All Adults	Work mainly at or from home	Underground, metro, light rail or tram	Train	Bus, minibus or coach	Taxi or minicab	Driver, car or van	Passenger, car or van	Motorcycle, scooter or moped	Bicycle	On foot	Other	Total Number (=100%)
											row percentages
All	10.8	0.3	4.2	11.2	0.7	62.8	6.5	0.3	1.6	11.1	1.3	2,400,925

Table 11.33 Employed adults (16-74) distance to place of work by car/van availability: 2011 [Note 53][Note 54] [Note 55] [Note 56]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Census 2011, National Records of Scotland

		Excluding those working mainly from home
All Adults	Work mainly at or from home	Less than 2km	2 km to less than 5 km	5 km to less than 10 km	10 km to less than 20 km	20 km to less than 30 km	30 km and over	Other	Total Number (=100%)3
								row percentages
All	10.7	14.6	21.6	19.3	17.0	7.3	8.0	12.3	2,390,595
Number of cars or vans available for private use:
None	10.8	24.8	30.9	17.9	9.4	3.0	3.6	10.5	314,494
One	10.0	16.4	23.7	19.7	15.9	6.2	6.7	11.4	932,787
Two or more	11.1	10.2	17.3	19.3	20.1	9.3	10.3	13.5	1,143,314

Table 11.34 All people aged 4 and over studying, distance to place of study by age: 2011 [Note 53] [Note 55]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Census 2011, National Records of Scotland

		Excluding those studying mainly from home
All Adults	Study mainly at or from home	Less than 2km	2 km to less than 5 km	5 km to less than 10 km	10 km to less than 20 km	20 km to less than 30 km	30 km to less than 40 km	40 km to less than 60 km	60 km and over	Other	Total Number (=100%)
										row percentages
All	12.4	49.3	23.4	11.7	7.5	2.7	1.4	1.2	1.0	1.7	996,282
By age:
4 to 11	11.8	72.3	15.9	6.3	2.9	0.9	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	386,410
12 to 15	11.1	42.0	32.0	13.6	8.0	2.0	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.4	241,975
16 to 17	10.7	34.2	30.6	15.8	10.9	3.8	1.6	1.2	1.1	0.7	101,169
18 and over	15.2	27.6	23.5	16.4	12.4	5.8	3.5	3.0	2.3	5.2	266,728

Table 11.35 All people aged 4 and over studying, mode of transport to place of study by distance: 2011 [Note 53] [Note 55]. This worksheet contains one table. Some cells refer to notes which can be found in the notes worksheet. Source: Scottish Census 2011, National Records of Scotland

		Excluding those studying mainly from home
By distance	Study mainly at or from home	Train, underground, metro, light rail or tram	Bus, minibus or coach	Driver, car or van	Passenger, car or van	Bicycle	On foot	Other	Total Number (=100%)
								row percentages
All	12.4	3.7	24.6	5.3	19.1	1.2	44.7	1.5	996,282
Less than 2km	[Not applicable]	0.3	6.2	0.8	17.3	1.2	73.3	0.8	429,936
2km to less than 5km	[Not applicable]	2.6	40.9	4.6	26.2	1.6	22.2	1.8	203,907
5km to less than 10km	[Not applicable]	6.1	52.1	9.4	20.2	0.8	9.0	2.4	102,246
10km to less than 20km	[Not applicable]	11.5	46.2	14.7	16.4	0.3	8.3	2.6	65,101
20km to less than 30km	[Not applicable]	17.9	35.7	20.5	14.5	0.3	8.9	2.1	23,802
30km to less than 40km	[Not applicable]	25.5	29.7	20.9	11.6	0.4	10.1	1.8	12,406
40km to less than 60km	[Not applicable]	23.3	27.7	22.8	10.7	0.5	13.3	1.8	10,174
60km and over	[Not applicable]	14.1	25.2	15.6	10.7	1.6	30.7	2.1	10,245
Other	[Not applicable]	4.5	21.0	16.5	5.1	3.2	46.1	3.7	14,536

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