Footnotes

Footnotes

1. Five sites were resurveyed in June 2018. For more information, see section 2.2.

2. For more detailed information on the law with regards to seatbelt use, please see: https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law

3. For more detailed information on the law with regards to mobile phone use, please see: https://www.gov.uk/using-mobile-phones-when-driving-the-law

4. Christmas, S., Young, D. and Cuerden, R. (2008) Strapping Yarns: Why People Do and Do Not Wear Seatbelts. Department for Transport, London.

5. MacLennan, P.A. et al (2004) Risk of injury for occupants of motor vehicle collisions from unbelted occupants. Injury Prevention 2004: 10 [online].

6. European Transport Safety Council (2007) Raising Compliance with Road Safety Law: 1st Road Safety PIN Report. ETSC [online].

7. World Health Organisation (2011) Mobile Phone Use: A Growing Problem of Driver Distraction. WHO [online].

8. Basacik, D., Reed, N. and Robbins, R. (2011) Smartphone use while driving – a simulator study. TRL report PPR592, Wokingham.

9. Burns, P. C. et al. (2002) How dangerous is driving with a mobile phone? Benchmarking the impairment to alcohol. TRL Report TRL547 [online].

10. KANTAR TNS (2018) RITS: Driver Attitudes and Behaviour Tracking – Main findings (Wave 17 – August 2018–).

11. Results for Great Britain are produced from a combination of data recorded in England and Scotland.

12. For results for Great Britain and England, please see the DfT report 'Seatbelt and Mobile Phone Use Surveys: Great Britain, 2017'.

13. Major roads are classified as A roads; B, C and unclassified roads are defined as minor roads.

14. Urban and Rural categories are based on DfT population definitions.

15. Walter, L. (2010) Seatbelt and mobile phone usage surveys: England and Scotland 2009. Department for Transport: London.

16. A previous study by TRL compared full and half-day sessions and found that a representative estimate was obtainable through a half-day period. For more info see: TRL (2008) Restraint use by car occupants, 2006–2008. TRL leaflet LF2106, Wokingham.

17. For example, the (weighted) number of front seat car passengers correctly restrained over the (weighted) number of all front seat car passengers observed.

18. The law states that: You can use hands-free phones, sat navs and 2-way radios when you're driving or riding. But if the police think you're distracted and not in control of your vehicle you could still get stopped and penalised. For more information, please see: https://www.gov.uk/using-mobile-phones-when-driving-the-law.