Appendix 1 – Decarbonisation of maintenance and improvement activities

Appendix 1 shows that significant emissions reductions will be delivered across materials, transport, and improvement activities through targeted interventions between 2025 and 2045.

Materials transport (2028–2039)

Transport related emissions reduce by 100% through improved logistics management, reducing journey numbers and distances, and the transition from diesel HGVs to zero‑carbon alternatives such as electric and hydrogen vehicles as technologies mature.

Aggregates (2025–2030)

Aggregate‑related emissions reduce by 52% through increased use of recycled aggregates, reducing the need for extraction and processing of virgin materials.

Road markings (2025–2030)

Road marking emissions reduce by 73% through the replacement of thermoplastic products with low carbon, plant-based alternatives.

Asphalt (2025–2045)

Asphalt related emissions reduce by 96% through the use of warm mix asphalt, increased recycled asphalt planings and the adoption of biobased binders, supported by collaboration with the supply chain to lower production emissions.

Concrete (2028–2040)

Concrete related emissions reduce by 48% through the use of low carbon concrete in all suitable applications and support for the development of emerging low carbon concrete technologies.

Steel (2028–2040)

Steel related emissions reduce by 70% through increased use of green steel produced using low carbon energy sources.