Chapter 10: Finance

Chapter 10: Finance

1. Introduction

1.1 This chapter provides information on finance, such as expenditure on transport within Scottish Ministers’ responsibility and on transport controlled by Local Authorities.  It shows capital and current expenditure on motorways and trunk roads, Local Authority revenue and capital income and expenditure on roads and transport, government grants for the construction and improvement of harbour facilities, petrol and diesel prices and duties, and average weekly household expenditure on transport.

1.2 Almost all the figures in this chapter are expressed in what are referred to as current, out-turn or cash prices: no table gives constant price (i.e. deflated) figures.

Key points

• Scottish Government (including Transport Scotland) spent £2,125 million on transport in 2017/18.  Local Authorities spent a further £821 million.
• Personal spend on transport and travel accounted for 14% of household spending between 2016 and 2018.
• In 2018 petrol prices started at 121.2 pence per litre in January before falling slightly to 121.0 pence in December. However, diesel prices rose in 2018 from 124.6 in January to 131.0 pence by December.  

2. Main  Points

Motorways & Trunk Roads

2.1 The total of capital and current expenditure on motorways and trunk roads in 2017-18 was estimated at £620 million,  £93 million (13%) less than the 2016/17 figure, a big part of which is expenditure on the Forth Replacement Crossing. Total expenditure on transport within Scottish Ministers' responsibility in 2017-18 was budgeted at £2,125 million, £51 million (2%) more than in the previous year.  (Table 10.1) 

2.2 Expenditure on the management and maintenance of the trunk road network totalled £169m in 2016-17.  The expenditure is split £8.7m on capitalised maintenance and £160.3m on routine and winter maintenance, network management and network strengthening.  (These figures do not include spending on new construction). (Table 10.2)   

Local Authorities 

2.3 In 2017-18, net revenue expenditure on transport controlled by local authorities was £430 million. In cash terms, this was 8 per cent more than in 2016-17. Road maintenance (£221 million in 2017-18) accounted for 51% of the expenditure.  The other main categories of expenditure in 2017-18 were:

• contributions to passenger transport (excluding concessionary fares) - £132 million; 
• road lighting - £63 million; 
• network and traffic management (excluding school crossing patrols) - £31 million

In 2017-18, the net income from parking charges was £41 million, 5% more than 2016-17.  (Table 10.1)

2.4 The Local Authorities with the highest net revenue expenditure on roads and transport (excluding loan charges) in 2017-18 were: Fife, (£31.1 million), South Lanarkshire (£29.5 million), Highland (£26.6 million), and Aberdeenshire (£25 million). (Table 10.3) The table also shows local authorities’ figures for other types of expenditure in 2017/18:

• Road maintenance/Winter maintenance South Lanarkshire had the highest expenditure on road maintenance (£19.3 million), followed by Fife (£14.6 million). South Lanarkshire spent the most on winter maintenance (£6.8 million).
• Contributions to Public Transportin terms of the total net revenue expenditure on ‘local authority’ and ‘non LA’ public transport, Shetland Islands (£16.2 million) made the largest contributions to passenger transport. Fife spent £12.2 million.
• Road Lighting  Glasgow spent most on road lighting (£9.8 million), followed by North Lanarkshire (£4.6 million).
• Parking Edinburgh had the largest net income from parking (£23.8 million) followed by Glasgow at £12.5 million.

Gross Capital Expenditure

2.5 Gross capital account expenditure by councils and boards on local authority roads and transport totalled £402 million in 2017-18, 15% less than the previous year. Of this total £276 million was spent on roads and £59 million on other public transport. (Table 10.4)

2.6 The local authorities with the highest gross capital account expenditure on roads and transport in 2017-18 were: Perth and Kinross (£35.6 million) and Highland (£31.5 million). Perth and Kinross spent the most on roads (£31.3 million) followed by Highland (£26.0 million). (Table 10.5)

2.7 The National Concessionary Travel (NCT) bus scheme was introduced in April 2006 and is administered by Transport Scotland for Scotland as a whole. Previously local authorities administered their own schemes, therefore local expenditure on concessionary travel (and therefore overall totals of spend) shown in Table 10.3 will be greatly reduced from previous years, now only covering rail, subway, ferry and some taxi schemes. Further statistics on concessionary travel can be found in table 11.29. 

Travel Costs

2.8 Between 2017 and 2018 the average price of unleaded petrol increased by 7.8 pence, and diesel increased by 9.8 pence per litre in Great Britain.  In 2018, petrol prices increased by 0.2 pence between January and December and diesel prices increased by 6.5 pence over the same period.  Tax (duty plus VAT) represented 63% of the price for unleaded petrol and 61% of the price for diesel in Great Britain in 2018, compared with 67% for unleaded petrol and 65% for diesel in 2007.  (Table 10.6)

2.9 The UK Retail Prices Index (RPI) rose by 32% between 2007 and 2017. Most of the Transport components of the RPI increased more rapidly than this, and therefore rose in real terms.  In cash terms, the costs of the maintenance of motor vehicles increased by 38%, petrol and oil by 24% and there was a 163% rise in the cost of vehicle tax and insurance. However, the cost of purchasing a motor vehicle fell by 11% in cash terms over the last ten years.  As a result, motoring expenditure index rose by 30%, less than the 32% increase in the RPI and therefore a real term fall between 2007 and 2017.  Over the same period, fares and other travel costs rose by 58% in cash terms - rail fares by 51% and bus and coach fares by 69%, increases of 19% and 37% above general inflation. (Table 10.7)

2.10 Average weekly household expenditure in Scotland on transport and vehicles in 2016-18 was £68.20, representing 13.9% of total household expenditure. On average, £23.50 was spent on the purchase of vehicles, £27.00 on the operation of personal transport (including £18.40 on petrol, diesel and other motor oils) and £17.70 on transport services (such as bus and train fares). (Table 10.8)

Table 10.1: Expenditure on transport within the Scottish Ministers' responsibility, and expenditure on transport controlled by local authorities

	2007 -08	2008 -09	2009 -10	2010 -11	2011 -12	2012 -13	2013 -14	2014 -15	2015 -16	2016 -17	2017 -18
Expenditure on transport within the Scottish Ministers' responsibility									£ million at outturn prices
Motorways and trunk roads
Capital 1
- New construction and improvements 1	132	166	258	207	45	47	101	76	184	320	184
- Forth Replacement Crossing	-	22	30	30	152	242	193	232	217	114	74
- Capital maintenance 2	-	30	31	29	18	12	10	8	14	-	7
Total	132	218	319	266	215	301	304	316	415	434	265
Current
- Routine and winter maintenance etc	88	73	75	101	69	75	73	78	79	73	93
- Network Strengthening and Improvements 3	140	114	111	105	85	77	85	71	72	115	119
- Other	-	-	-	-	-	32	21	18	18	18	33
- Design, build, finance, operate payments	35	32	32	36	54	57	59	68	80	73	110
Total	263	219	218	242	208	241	238	235	249	279	355
Total capital and current (a)	395	437	537	508	423	542	542	551	664	713	620
Central Government support to transport industries 12
Highlands and Islands Airports Ltd	28	26	26	25	27	23	21	34	38	25	29
Caledonian MacBrayne Ltd	45	51	56	59	68	74	86	107	123	134	131
Scottish Canals 10	9	12	12	12	11	11	14	11	10	10	12
Rail Services in Scotland 10	929	831	807	749	777	783	803	676	745	731	756
Northern Isles Ferries 11	29	33	36	40	43	41	38	36	32	35	46
Bus Service Operators Grant 11	67	64	64	63	61	62	50	51	53	53	51
Freight Facilities Grant 11	2	5	2	5	2	1	1	1	1	1	1
Integrated Transport Fund 11	1
Major public transport projects	251	129	159	75	70	36	35	3	3	6	5
National Concessionary Travel schemes (incl Smartcards) 12	174	193	201	187	188	193	197	197	196	196	201
Other 7	84	45	22	53	52	68	93	115	150	170	273
Total (b)	1,369	1,248	1,216	1,193	1,229	1,292	1,336	1,231	1,351	1,361	1,505
Total Ministers' resp. (sum of a and b)	1,764	1,685	1,753	1,701	1,652	1,834	1,878	1,782	2,015	2,074	2,125
Local transport - gross capital 4 expenditure
New construction and improvement 5	285	345	310	293	328	318	350	361	361	377	306
Other investment 6	218	149	164	107	157	185	111	72	43	84	85
Total	503	494	474	400	485	504	461	433	404	462	391
Expenditure on transport controlled by local authorities
Local transport - net revenue expenditure (excl. loan charges)8,9
Administration	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Construction	6	4	4	4	5	6	16	17	6	3	3
Road maintenance (incl winter maintenance)	261	274	293	317	256	271	241	223	216	203	221
Road lighting	65	67	69	66	66	73	69	70	68	66	63
Parking	-24	-29	-23	-24	-25	-29	-29	-31	-35	-39	-41
Network and traffic management	39	43	42	38	40	44	46	43	44	36	31
(other than school crossing patrols)
Concessionary fares	8	12	13	7	6	7	8	8	8	7	7
Contributions to passenger transport	76	66	72	80	115	101	95	115	99	108	132
School crossing patrols	16	16	16	15	14	14	14	14	13	14	13
Total controlled by Local Authorities	450	453	486	503	477	487	460	459	418	398	430

Source: Expenditure on a and b above provided by Transport Scotland - Not National Statistics
1. Includes all costs related to the construction of Major Road Projects.
2. Includes all costs in relation to the reconstruction and overlay of road network. Figures for 2001/02 - 2007/08 have been moved to current expenditure to reflect changes in recording practices.
3. Includes all costs in relation to Roads and Bridges Network Strengthening and Minor Improvements that are not classed as Capitalised Maintenance.
Figures for 2008-09 onwards have been amended to include money moved from capital to current expenditure to reflect changes to recording practices.
4. Figures are on a cash basis up to 2003-04 and on an accruals basis from 2004-05 onwards. Capital Funded from Current Revenue is included.
5. Includes Network & Traffic Management, Bridges and Parking
6. Includes Shipping, Transport Piers and Ferry Terminals
7. Includes subsidies for the Community Transport Association, piers, harbours, road safety, safer routes to schools and additional concessionary fares support to Local Authorities (prior to 2007).
8. The revenue account figures are reported on an accruals basis (i.e. reflected in the accounts of the period in which they take place).
9. Includes support for LA and non-LA transport undertakings, and revenue contributions to capital.
10. SG took responsibility for these areas in 2001-02. In respect of rail services in Scotland for rail passenger services, and from 2006-07 it includes funding for Network Rail in Scotland (which was previously the responsibility of the Department for Transport). British Waterways renamed Scottish Canals following split.
11. Separate figures for each of these categories were not available prior to 2003 -04
12. The NCT schemes were introduced in April 2006. From April 2010 NCT electronic (Smartcards) required on-board Smartcard equipment. 2013/14 NCT schemes included £1.7m transitional aid via s38 of the Transport Scotland Act 2001. (NB 2012/13 spend included £13m transitional aid in total.)

Table 10.2: Net expenditure on management and maintenance of motorways and trunk roads by Operating Companies1, 2016-17

Description	Capital	Current2	Total
	Capital Maintenance	Routine, Cyclical and Winter Maintenance and Network Management
			£ thousand at outturn prices
North East Operating Company	740	26,996	27,736
North West Operating Company	3,804	46,135	49,939
South East Operating Company	359	30,119	30,478
South West Operating Company	3,770	41,685	45,455
Forth Bridges Operating Company3	2	15,362	15,364
Total	8,675	160,297	168,973

Source: Transport Scotland
1. For the purpose of maintenance from 2001-02, the trunk road network was sub-divided into 4 operating units (see Notes)
2. These figures do not include costs for expenditure outside Operating Company control i.e. (Traffic Scotland Operations, PAG contract etc).
3. The Forth Bridge Operating Contract commenced on 1 June 2015

Table 10.3: Net revenue expenditure on roads and transport (excluding loan charges) by Councils, by type, 2017-18 ¹

Council	Roads				Network and traffic management		Parking Services	Public Transport			Total
	Construction	Maintenance		Lighting	School crossing patrols	Other		Local Authority	Non Local Authority
		Winter maintenance	Structural, environmental and safety maintenance and routine repairs					LA public transport	Concessionary fares 2	Other non LA public transport
											£ thousand
Aberdeen City	-	2,128	5,345	2,689	232	1,947	-	-	-	269	12,610
Aberdeenshire	-	6,602	6,252	2,214	408	1,547	182	-	242	7,546	24,993
Angus	2,370	3,463	2,067	1,034	-	-	159	-	-	2,138	11,231
Argyll & Bute	64	2,486	6,225	1,320	163	687	-347	1,445	178	1,987	14,208
Clackmannanshire	157	453	852	539	32	20	0	1	21	402	2,477
Dumfries & Galloway	14	2,429	5,582	918	264	1,229	196	-	5	3,864	14,501
Dundee City	-	2,454	1,419	1,115	-	2,617	-1,693	-	171	720	6,803
East Ayrshire	-	1,063	4,367	1,951	251	1,199	-386	-	237	2,050	10,732
East Dunbartonshire	10	454	2,788	1,046	413	813	190	-	215	1,855	7,784
East Lothian	-	2,159	559	1,346	253	345	5	-	236	1,213	6,116
East Renfrewshire	-	1,401	6,513	1,229	297	118	143	-	175	1,607	11,483
Edinburgh, City of	-	2,261	9,912	4,345	1,309	1,365	-23,819	-	950	9,462	5,785
Eilean Siar	-	1,951	1,725	293	-	90	83	-111	-	3,613	7,644
Falkirk	76	1,902	2,204	1,137	412	1,529	-136	-	115	2,055	9,294
Fife	47	5,485	9,143	4,058	312	284	-375	-	580	11,614	31,148
Glasgow City	-	2,557	8,953	9,842	3,108	4,233	-12,542	-	1,031	7,736	24,918
Highland	-	2,785	7,912	4,134	687	1,771	-644	527	146	9,305	26,623
Inverclyde	-	564	1,477	1,041	311	215	1	-	168	1,485	5,262
Midlothian	-	1,593	1,314	1,235	304	1,001	211	-	24	656	6,338
Moray	-	2,364	1,640	739	248	930	-242	104	-	376	6,159
North Ayrshire	-	1,022	5,975	1,550	306	44	252	-	291	2,464	11,904
North Lanarkshire	-	6,488	6,578	4,632	1,223	1,153	-	-	563	5,484	26,121
Orkney Islands	-	1,116	1,221	209	43	452	-15	6,986	122	2,468	12,602
Perth & Kinross	-	5,104	3,520	1,416	46	1,142	-726	-	74	2,708	13,284
Renfrewshire	31	1,248	4,947	1,473	676	1,279	-597	1,786	-	3,679	14,522
Scottish Borders	333	4,674	2,449	1,146	140	500	222	23	15	2,358	11,860
Shetland Islands	-	1,272	3,199	469	16	616	- 4	12,760	5	3,392	21,725
South Ayrshire	-	778	5,459	1,747	106	787	-307	-	259	1,767	10,596
South Lanarkshire	260	6,812	12,506	2,564	886	1,234	-773	-	575	5,424	29,488
Stirling	-	1,520	1,349	2,462	178	368	-525	-	-	1,628	6,980
West Dunbartonshire	-	1,358	1,533	711	151	566	98	-	-	1,811	6,228
West Lothian	-	3,536	5,002	2,827	363	680	144	-	550	2,326	15,428
HITRANS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
NESTRANS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	- 1	- 1
SESTRAN	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	580	580
SWESTRANS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SPT	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2,535	2,535
TACTRAN	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-47	-47
ZetTrans	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	- 139	129	-10
Scotland	3,362	81,482	139,987	63,431	13,138	30,761	-41,245	23,521	6,809	108,658	429,904

Source: Scottish Government Local Government Finance
1. Support service costs (e.g. administrative buildings and services such as legal, personnel, accountancy, IT and estates management), are included in the various service totals.
2. The Scottish National Concessionary Travel bus scheme was introduced in April 2006 and administered by Transport Scotland, therefore local authority figures no longer cover bus travel but cover rail, subway, ferry and some taxi schemes. Further statistics on concessionary travel can be found in table 11.29.

Table 10.4: Service breakdown of Local Authorities' gross capital expenditure 2017-18 ¹

Category of expenditure	Tangible Fixed Assets			Intangible	Revenue Expenditure Funded from Capital Resources	Total Expenditure to be met from Capital Resources
	Acquisition of land, leases, existing buildings or works	New construction, conversions & enhancement to existing buildings	Vehicles, Plant, machinery & Equipment	Intangible assets	Third Party Capital Projects
						£ thousand
Roads	33,068	230,094	9,903	381	2,254	275,700
Network and Traffic Management	1,885	26,923	1,539	-	78	30,425
Bridges	1,880	20,650	508	-	380	23,418
Parking services	17	3,257	297	-	-	3,571
Rail	-	9,824	-	-	-	9,824
Other Public Transport	357	15,217	34,488	372	8,663	59,097
Shipping, Airports, Transport Piers & Ferry Terminals	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total Roads and Transport	37,207	305,965	46,735	753	11,375	402,035

Source: Scottish Government Local Government Finance
1. Capital Expenditure is recorded on a accruals basis (not cash) and includes Capital Funded from Current Revenue.

Table 10.5: Gross¹ capital account expenditure on local authority roads and transport by Councils and Boards, by type, 2017-18

Authority	Roads	Network and Traffic Management	Bridges	Parking services	Rail	Public Transport	Shipping, Airports, Transport Piers & Ferry Terminals	Total Roads and Transport
								£ thousand
Aberdeen City	15,389	2,653	38	-	-	-	-	18,080
Aberdeenshire	18,142	417	3,131	-	-	8,377	-	30,067
Angus	8,408	299	361	-	-	94	-	9,162
Argyll & Bute	5,619	65	485	-	-	441	354	6,964
Clackmannanshire	3,748	-	74	-	-	-	-	3,822
Dumfries & Galloway	9,985	384	1,149	21	166	206	-	11,911
Dundee City	7,280	351	92	61	9,381	12	-	17,177
East Ayrshire	3,612	1,083	781	1	-	-	-	5,477
East Dunbartonshire	7,808	497	652	-	-	-	-	8,957
East Lothian	5,460	112	-	54	-	-	-	5,626
East Renfrewshire	1,153	205	366	2	277	-	-	2,003
Edinburgh, City of	11,097	5,894	1,936	41	-	2,347	-	21,315
Eilean Siar	2,460	374	390	-	-	894	-	4,118
Falkirk	5,504	208	792	695	-	-	-	7,199
Fife	13,580	1,476	802	559	-	-	-	16,417
Glasgow City	15,801	5,425	510	479	-	26	-	22,241
Highland	26,036	2,132	2,630	28	-	694	-	31,520
Inverclyde	5,073	17	-	-	-	-	-	5,090
Midlothian	2,701	-	-	-	-	-	-	2,701
Moray	6,194	203	100	-	-	-	-	6,497
North Ayrshire	4,875	-	513	-	-	-	-	5,388
North Lanarkshire	11,269	889	1,349	1,155	-	163	-	14,825
Orkney Islands	4,169	-	-	-	-	415	-	4,584
Perth & Kinross	31,299	2,576	1,689	17	-	-	-	35,581
Renfrewshire	8,070	368	375	-	-	-	-	8,813
Scottish Borders	6,601	1,350	2,090	-	-	33	-	10,074
Shetland Islands	1,185	16	259	-	-	470	36	1,966
South Ayrshire	1,738	681	186	-	-	-	-	2,605
South Lanarkshire	12,668	729	-	104	-	3,798	-	17,299
Stirling	8,043	-	176	354	-	50	-	8,623
West Dunbartonshire	2,342	636	-	-	-	12	-	2,990
West Lothian	6,137	1,307	1,544	-	-	-	-	8,988
Tay Bridge	-	-	568	-	-	-	-	568
HITRANS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
NESTRANS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SESTRAN	-	-	-	-	-	177	-	177
SWESTRANS	-	-	-	-	-	347	-	347
SPT	-	-	-	-	-	31,878	-	31,878
TACTRAN	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ZetTrans	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total	273,446	30,347	23,038	3,571	9,824	50,434	390	391,050

Source: Scottish Government Local Government Finance
1. Capital Expenditure is recorded on a accruals basis (not cash) and includes Capital Funded from Current Revenue.

Table 10.6a: Petrol and diesel prices and duties per litre (year average), GB ¹

	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Unleaded Petrol 2
Price pence	94.2	107.1	99.3	116.9	133.3	135.4	134.1	127.5	111.1	108.8	117.6	125.2
of which:
Duty	48.9	50.5	54.4	57.2	58.2	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0
VAT 3	14.0	15.8	13.0	17.4	22.2	22.6	22.4	21.3	18.5	18.1	19.6	20.9
All tax	62.9	66.3	67.3	74.6	80.4	80.5	80.3	79.2	76.5	76.1	77.5	78.8
All tax as a % of price	67	62	68	64	60	59	60	62	69	70	66	63
Diesel (derv)4,5
Price pence	96.8	117.5	103.9	119.3	138.7	141.8	140.4	133.5	114.9	110.1	120.1	130.0
of which:
Duty	48.9	50.5	54.4	57.2	58.2	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0	58.0
VAT 3	14.4	17.3	13.6	17.8	23.1	23.6	23.4	22.2	19.1	18.4	20.0	21.7
All tax	63.3	67.9	68.0	75.0	81.3	81.6	81.4	80.2	77.1	76.3	78.0	79.6
All tax as a % of price	65	58	65	63	59	58	58	60	67	69	65	61

Source: DECC - Not National Statistics
1. DTI discontinued publishing the price of LRP from September 2005, due to the low volume of sales. June figures for 4 star Lead Replacement Petrol (LRP) are available in previous editions of STS.
2. From June 2001 Premium unleaded prices represent Ultra Low Sulphur Petrol (ULSP) which now accounts for virtually all Premium unleaded sold.
3. VAT is rebated to business. From 1 April 1991 it was 17.5%, 15% in 2009, 17.5% in 2010 and 20% from 2011.
4. Diesel-engined road vehicle fuel (derv).
5. From June 2000, the figures are for ultra low sulphur diesel (ULSD) which now accounts for virtually all diesel sold.

Table 10.6b: Petrol and diesel prices per litre (year and month), GB ¹

	January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October	November	December
Unleaded 1
2010	111.5	111.6	115.5	119.8	121.2	117.7	117.2	116.2	114.6	117.2	118.7	121.6
2011	127.5	128.4	131.9	134.7	136.7	135.6	135.1	135.3	134.7	134.0	133.2	132.1
2012	132.9	134.6	137.7	141.7	137.7	131.6	131.1	134.1	139.1	138.1	134.5	131.6
2013	131.7	136.4	137.2	136.8	132.7	134.1	134.7	136.9	137.2	131.5	129.7	130.8
2014	130.2	129.0	128.6	128.8	129.3	129.7	131.1	129.3	128.5	126.8	122.5	116.2
2015	108.5	107.2	111.0	112.5	115.7	116.4	116.4	114.5	111.5	109.0	107.2	103.7
2016	101.7	101.4	101.7	106.4	108.4	111.0	111.7	109.0	111.2	113.6	115.9	114.1
2017	118.7	119.9	119.4	117.3	115.5	115.5	113.9	115.6	118.9	117.2	119.1	120.0
2018	121.2	121.4	119.1	120.6	124.7	127.9	127.6	128.6	130.8	130.9	128.6	121.0
Diesel
2010	113.3	113.4	116.2	121.0	122.8	120.1	119.7	118.7	117.2	120.6	122.5	125.8
2011	132.1	133.4	138.1	141.1	141.5	139.6	139.4	139.9	139.2	139.4	140.3	140.6
2012	141.3	142.6	145.0	147.8	144.0	137.4	136.6	139.4	144.0	143.0	141.1	139.7
2013	139.5	143.9	144.6	141.3	138.0	139.3	139.6	141.6	142.3	138.8	137.3	138.8
2014	138.1	136.7	136.0	135.9	136.1	135.4	136.0	133.6	133.1	131.1	127.2	122.4
2015	115.9	114.6	118.2	119.1	121.0	121.2	118.7	111.7	109.8	110.8	110.1	107.8
2016	102.5	101.0	102.4	106.9	109.1	111.9	112.7	110.7	113.2	115.6	118.4	117.2
2017	122.0	122.8	122.3	119.9	117.4	117.5	115.4	117.3	120.5	120.3	122.7	123.5
2018	124.6	124.7	122.8	124.2	128.3	131.9	131.8	132.5	134.5	136.6	137.1	131.0

Source: DECC - Not National Statistics
Note: Data for earlier years can be found on the DECC website http://www.decc.gov.uk/assets/decc/statistics/source/prices/qep411.xls
1. From June 2001 Premium unleaded prices represent Ultra Low Sulphur Petrol (ULSP) which now accounts for virtually all Premium unleaded sold.

Petrol and Diesel prices, year average GB

Petrol and Diesel prices, by month, 2013 to December 2018 GB

Table 10.7: Transport components of the Retail Prices Index, UK

	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017
											Index: 2007=100
Retail Prices Index (all items)	100.0	104.0	103.4	108.2	113.8	117.5	121.1	123.9	125.1	127.3	131.9
Transport components of the RPI:
Motoring expenditure	100.0	103.1	102.4	115.8	126.0	127.0	126.9	125.8	120.4	122.1	130.1
Purchase of motor vehicles	100.0	93.1	92.5	98.0	96.2	94.3	93.1	93.1	91.1	88.8	89.2
Maintenance of motor vehicles	100.0	105.9	110.2	115.4	121.1	123.3	126.3	129.7	132.1	134.3	138.0
Petrol and oil	100.0	115.1	105.9	123.7	141.7	144.4	143.0	136.1	118.1	114.9	124.4
Vehicle tax and Insurance	100.0	103.2	113.2	144.2	174.0	177.7	179.4	183.9	192.4	223.0	262.8
Fares and other travel costs	100.0	106.9	112.0	117.8	126.3	132.4	136.3	140.9	148.9	152.5	157.9
Rail fares	100.0	104.3	109.9	118.7	127.2	133.3	138.9	143.5	146.5	146.9	151.0
Bus and Coach fares	100.0	106.2	112.6	117.6	125.5	132.3	135.7	138.0	142.6	148.1	169.2
Other travel costs	100.0	108.2	112.0	118.9	128.0	132.5	138.0	142.4	151.6	155.7	157.2
Constant prices - Adjusted for general inflation using all items RPI
Motoring expenditure	100.0	99.2	99.0	107.0	110.7	108.1	104.8	101.6	96.2	95.9	98.6
Purchase of motor vehicles	100.0	89.6	89.4	90.5	84.5	80.3	76.9	75.2	72.8	69.7	67.6
Maintenance of motor vehicles	100.0	101.8	106.6	106.6	106.4	105.0	104.4	104.7	105.6	105.5	104.6
Petrol and oil	100.0	110.7	102.4	114.3	124.4	122.9	118.1	109.9	94.4	90.2	94.3
Vehicle tax and Insurance	100.0	99.2	109.5	133.3	152.8	151.3	148.2	148.4	153.8	175.1	199.3
Fares and other travel costs	100.0	102.8	108.2	108.8	111.0	112.7	112.6	113.7	119.0	119.7	119.7
Rail fares	100.0	100.4	106.3	109.7	111.7	113.4	114.7	115.8	117.1	115.3	114.5
Bus and Coach fares	100.0	102.1	108.9	108.7	110.2	112.6	112.1	111.4	114.0	116.3	128.3
Other travel costs	100.0	104.1	108.3	109.9	112.4	112.8	114.0	114.9	121.2	122.3	119.2

Source: Office for National Statistics

Table 10.8: Average weekly household expenditure in Scotland on transport and vehicles (£)¹

	2006-08	2007-09	2008-10	2009-11	2010-12	2011-13	2012-14	2014-16 3	2015-17 3	2016-18 3
Purchase of vehicles	24.30	24.10	23.10	19.90	18.20	21.00	26.20	28.60	26.20	23.50
Purchase of new cars and vans	8.80	8.70	7.40	5.70	6.10	8.70	12.50	13.90	12.40	8.90
Purchase of second hand cars or vans	14.90	14.70	15.00	13.70	11.80	11.80	12.70	13.40	12.40	13.60
Purchase of motorcycles and other vehicles	0.60	0.70	0.70	0.50	[0.30]	[0.50]	[1.00]	[1.40]	[1.30]	[1.10]
Operation of personal transport	27.20	27.30	27.80	27.80	30.00	32.30	33.30	30.30	27.90	27.00
Spares and accessories	1.80	1.80	2.00	1.60	1.70	1.90	2.20	2.10	2.10	2.10
Petrol, diesel and other motor oils	18.40	18.40	19.20	19.50	21.60	23.20	23.90	21.40	19.50	18.40
Repairs and servicing	5.20	5.30	5.10	5.20	5.20	5.50	5.30	5.10	4.60	4.60
Other motoring costs	1.90	1.80	1.50	1.50	1.50	1.70	1.90	1.60	1.70	1.80
Transport services	8.40	9.70	12.10	13.50	13.60	12.40	13.80	15.10	17.60	17.70
Rail and tube fares	1.80	2.00	2.20	2.00	2.10	2.20	2.40	2.60	2.70	2.80
Bus and coach fares	1.70	1.60	1.70	1.90	2.00	2.10	1.80	1.70	1.70	1.70
Combined fares	[0.20]	0.30	[0.30]	[0.20]	[0.10]	[0.00]	[0.10]	[0.10]	..	..
Other travel and transport	4.60	5.80	7.90	9.40	9.30	8.10	9.60	10.70	13.00	13.10
Total Transport Expenditure	59.90	61.10	63.00	61.20	61.80	65.80	73.30	74.00	71.70	68.20
Total Household Expenditure	432.80	438.70	447.20	440.60	437.30	449.00	474.40	481.70	492.30	492.20
Transport as % of total exp	13.8	13.9	14.1	13.9	14.1	14.7	15.5	15.4	14.6	13.9

Source: Office for National Statistics
1. Based on weighted data and including children's expenditure.
2. The figures in this column refer to the average expenditure over the three financial year periods to reduce the effect of the sampling errors
3. ONS have changed the reporting period from calendar years to financial years . Users should exercise caution when making comparisons with previous years.