The Effects of Park and Ride Supply and Pricing on Public Transport Demand
Arup, Accent and the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds
ISBN 978 1 908181 69 5
This document is also available in pdf format (2.7MB)
Contents
1 Executive summary
Background and study objectives
Methods
Findings on parking at railway stations
Findings on bus based park and ride
Findings on Cross Forth travel
Conclusions
2 Introduction
Background to the study
Structure of the report
3 Study methodology
Secondary research
Primary research
Rail case studies
Bus case studies
Cross Forth case study
Consultation with First ScotRail and Regional Transport Partnerships
4 Parking at railway stations
Background
Supporting wider objectives
Selection of case studies
Consultation with First ScotRail
Background
Support for park and ride schemes
Role of parking in influencing wider demand growth
Options to expand parking provision
Managing park and ride sites
Conclusions
Model development
Results from the primary data collection
Trip distribution
Journey purpose
Ticket type
Parking costs and the availability of spaces
Awareness of car park extensions and attitudinal responses
Changes to travel behaviour
Station facilities
Results from the modelling outputs
Link between parking availability and demand
Likelihood of getting a space
Impact of parking charges
Guidance to scheme promoters
5 Bus based park and ride
Background and objectives
Secondary research - overview of existing park and ride sites
Background
Case studies
Primary research - overview of findings
Journey times to the park and ride
Catchment analysis -trips to the destination
Journey purpose
Availability of parking spaces
Ticket type
Change in travel behaviour
Passenger safety considerations
Primary research - overview of non user behaviour
Existing car journey times to the park and ride site
Competing parking charges
Journey purpose
Analysis of the modelling outputs
Likelihood of getting a space and impact on demand
Impact of higher fares
Guidance to scheme promoters
6 Cross Forth case study
Background
Primary research - overview of the findings
Results from the stated preference research
Guidance for scheme promoters
7 Conclusions
Rail
Bus
Cross Forth
8 Appendix A1: Rail modelling methodology for revealed preference
Background
Overview of the datasets
LENNON ticket sales data
Survey data
Impact of parking improvements
Non user surveys
Modelling approach
Analysis of ticket sales data
Results from the RP models
Behavioural responses
Results from the modelling outputs
Link between parking availability and demand
Likelihood of getting a space
Impact of parking charges
9 Appendix A2: Analysis of stated intention data
10 Appendix A3: Stated preference modelling methodology for cross Forth market
Modelling approach
11 Appendix A4: Modelling methodology for the bus market
Modelling approach
Analysis of stated intention data
12 Appendix A5: Bus park and ride overview of main indicators
13 Appendix A6: Sample questionnaires
Further copies of this document are available, on request, in audio and large print formats and in community languages (Urdu; Bengali; Gaelic; Hindi; Punjabi; Cantonese; Arabic; Polish).
