Footnotes
Scotland’s Road Safety Framework to 2030
Footnotes
1 Reported Road Casualties Scotland 2019 (transport.gov.scot)
3 https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/49098/stpr2-update-and-phase-1-3-feb-2021.pdf
4 https://www.gov.scot/publications/place-principle-introduction/
5 https://www.un.org/pga/74/wp-content/uploads/sites/99/2020/08/Draft-Resolution-Road-Safety.pdf
7 Equality of restraint: Reframing road safety through the ethics of private motorised transport – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214140520301742?dgcid=author
9 Climate Change (Emissions Reduction Targets) (Scotland) Act 2019 (legislation.gov.uk)
10 Carbon Account for Transport No. 11: 2019 Edition
11 national-transport-strategy-2-strategic-environmental-assessment-environmental-report.pdf
12 https://www.gov.scot/publications/severe-weather-charter/
13 Until the fleet is naturally renewed with latest EU safety feature requirement that came into force on 1 July 2019 – ‘Silent’ electric cars to become thing of the past (roadsafetygb.org.uk)
14 Overview | Air pollution: outdoor air quality and health | Guidance | NICE
15 Final report on the increased speed limit for heavy goods vehicles – GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
17 https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/33649/long-term-vison-for-active-travel-in-scotland-2030.pdf
19 In July 2020 the Scottish Government is providing £900,000 to encourage the uptake of e-bikes across Scotland. Local authorities, public sector agencies, community groups and further and higher education institutions can now apply for money to adopt e-bikes, adaptive bikes and e-cargo bikes as an alternative to car journeys – https://www.transport.gov.scot/news/e-bikes-to-help-charge-scotland-s-green-recovery/
23 (DfT Road Traffic Statistics, Table TRA0423), https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/road-traffic-statistics-tra
24 Note that DfT on 28 July launched a consultation on The Highway Code which focuses on improving road safety for cyclists, pedestrians and horse riders until 27 October. The main alterations to the code being proposed are introducing a hierarchy of road users, clarifying existing rules on pedestrian priority on pavements, providing guidance on cyclist priority at junctions and establishing guidance on safe passing distances and speeds when overtaking cyclists and horse riders
25 This has been supported by a package of guidance and support to local authorities from Transport Scotland and Sustrans Scotland for improvements such as widened pavements and cycle lanes – https://www.transport.gov.scot/news/10-million-to-support-pop-up-active-travel-infrastructure/
26 DfT ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT CAPACITY REVIEW – https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/ file/717062/road-safety-management-capacity-review.pdf
29 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/20-mph-speed-limits-on-roads
30 Reported Road Casualties 2019, https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/statistics/#42762
31 National Records of Scotland, Vital Events Reference Tables 2019, https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/vitalevents/ general-publications/vital-events-reference-tables/2019
32 road accidents reported to the police. These provide detailed statistics about personal injury road accidents, vehicles and casualties involved – https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/road-accidents-and-safety-statistics
33 https://www.vansdirect.co.uk/mercedes-vans-investigates-mental-health-van-drivers
34 The total cost of collisions to Scotland was £1 billion in 2018 compared to a GDP was £180 billion https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/46069/reported-road-casualties-scotland-2018.pdf
35 Road Safety Information Tracking Study (RITS), Wave 19, August 2020, https://roadsafety.scot/resources/rits-road-safety-information-tracking-study-wave-19-aug-2020/
36 All counters were desired to be at least 1 kilometre from any fixed safety camera enforcement and at a location where other elements such as roundabouts, junctions etc. would not influence a driver’s speed. The majority of counters met the specified location criteria but due to both counter and data availability it was not always possible to include counters in the sample that met all the desired criteria
37 https://www.transport.gov.scot/transport-network/roads/scottish-safety-camera-programme#42385
38 https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/features/report-on-motoring-2020/
39 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/20-mph-speed-limits-on-roads
41 Reported Road Casualties 2019, Table 11, https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/statistics/#42762
42 www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/sources
43 Grey Fleet’ is a term used to describe the business miles travelled by an employee in their own vehicle. This ‘fleet’ of employee-owned cars is deemed ‘grey’ as the vehicles in use are in somewhat of a grey area of responsibility for the employer
45 Just over one in eight employees who drive for work (13%) and more than one in 20 leaders (6%) consider the hard shoulder a safe place to take a work call. One in six UK employees who drive for work (17%) say they have been involved in an incident when driving for work due to a phone call from a colleague.
46 A UK government-backed Highways England programme to help employers in both the private and public sectors reduce work-related road risk, decrease the associated costs and improve compliance with current legislation and guidance – https://www.drivingforbetterbusiness.com/
47 https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/47300/scottish-transport-statistics-2019.pdf
48 https://www.gov.scot/publications/severe-weather-charter/
49 https://www.transport.gov.scot/publication/a-cav-roadmap-for-scotland/
50 https://etsc.eu/how-traffic-law-enforcement-can-contribute-to-safer-roads-pin-flash-31/
51 Road Safety Information Tracking Study (RITS), Wave 19, August 2020, https://roadsafety.scot/resources/rits-road-safety-information-tracking-study-wave-19-aug-2020/
52 https://www.racfoundation.org/research/safety/speed-camera-data-report
53 https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/45762/safety-camera-annual-report-2018-19.pdf
54 https://gosafe.org/faq/operation-snap/
55 https://www.communityspeedwatch.org/
58 They are training their roads teams in defined first aid to offer a greater resource to address this issue and are looking at the possibility of working with the haulage and distribution industry to broaden knowledge in the professional driving group that could increase the resource available to provide immediate post-crash care
59 https://www.scottishtraumanetwork.com/
62 https://etsc.eu/post-collision-response-case-study-rescue-sheets/
63 ETSC Key Principles for Traffic Safety and Mobility Education – https://etsc.eu/wp-content/uploads/LEARN-Key-Principles.pdf?utm_source=ETSC&utm_ campaign=e5b4abe700-20200124_education_report_2020&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_3a7b55edbf-e5b4abe700-307154369
64 For more information on the Safe System approach to road safety: OECD/International Transport Forum (2016), Zero Road Deaths and Serious Injuries: Leading a paradigm shift to a Safe System. http://bit.ly/2QF2shw
65 https://roadsafety.scot/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CfE-2019-20-booklet.pdf
67 https://roadsafety.scot/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CfE-2019-20-booklet.pdf
68 Statistics, from Key Reported Road Casualties Scotland 2018 – Web Tables 12
69 Serious crashes are more likely to result in fatalities for older drivers compared with younger drivers, due to their increased frailty (Staplin et al, 2001) extracted from RAC Foundation report of April 2010 on Maintaining safe mobility for the ageing population – https://www.racfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/maintaining-safe-mobility-rac-foundation-140410-report.pdf
70 Table 23 of RRC Scotland 2018 page 114 – https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/46069/reported-road-casualties-scotland-2018.pdf
71 % not actually published in a table but the values for ‘all casualties’ can be found in Appendix F of RRC 2018
74 the 2010 North Report found drivers are six times more likely to die in a road traffic accident with a blood alcohol concentration between 50mg and 80mg than with zero blood alcohol
75 Ziakopoulous A, Theofilatos A, Papadimitriou E, Yannis G, 2016 ‘Cell Phone Use – handheld’, European road safety decision support system, developed by the H2020 project, SafetyCube
76 Seatbelt and Mobile Phone Usage Survey Scotland, 2017 – https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/43968/seatbelt-and-mobile-phone-usage-surveyscotland- 2017.pdf the proportion of car drivers observed using a mobile phone whilst driving was at 1.8% at moving (free-flowing) sites, a marginal increase from the 2014 figure (1.3%). At stationary (traffic light controlled junction) sites, the proportion observed using a mobile phone was 2.4%, an increase from 2014 figure (1.6%)
77 Reported Road Casualties 2019, Table M, https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/statistics/#42762
78 Research suggests that sleep-related vehicle accidents are under-reported and are likely to account for 16% to 20% of UK vehicle accidents and up to one quarter of fatal and serious accidents – Anund, Kecklund, Vadeby, Hjälmdahl & Åkerstedt, 2008; Schwarz et al., 2012
79 https://www.rospa.com/road-safety/advice/drivers/driver-health
80 Table M: Contributory Factors: Reported accidents by severity, 2018 – https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/46662/sct10192798881.pdf
81 A driver who hasn’t slept for 24 hours has impaired driving skills comparable to a driver with an illegally high blood alcohol concentration of 0.1 g/l – https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/specialist/knowledge/fatique/effects_of_fatigue_on_driving/driving_behaviour_en
82 Glasgow Centre for Population Health, Pedestrian and cyclist casualty trends in Scotland, https://www.gcph.co.uk/publications/572_pedestrian_and_ cyclist_casualty_trends_in_scotland
84 https://www.gov.scot/publications/severe-weather-charter/
85 For example on 17 January 2021 the Department for Transport closed a public consultation expanding the offence of using a hand-held mobile phone while driving to include non-connected mobile application actions